# Green Meta Preface {% embed url="" %} {% content-ref url="/pages/p1k73A4azk3Tat8nfg2D" %} [Origin](/white-paper/green-meta-preface/origin) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/kxrVWcUBLDDPj92viYIQ" %} [What is Green Meta?](/white-paper/green-meta-preface/what-is-green-meta) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/stOWjHWTyg2kNxp5TtGw" %} [Ecological Composition](/white-paper/green-meta-preface/ecological-composition) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/WhBgopM2y7tb04m5FhLs" %} [Ecological Tokens -- CCM](/white-paper/green-meta-preface/ecological-tokens-ccm) {% endcontent-ref %} # Origin In recent years, extreme weather events and natural disasters such as cold waves, heatwaves, hurricanes, floods, and forest fires have been occurring frequently worldwide. These occurrences, combined with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, have brought increased attention to issues of human survival and global economic sustainability. Among these issues, addressing climate change has long been a critical topic. Physical risks, transition risks, and liability risks associated with climate change are also increasingly entering people's perspectives. In the "Our Common Agenda" report, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres pointed out that humanity faces a grave and urgent choice: to either continue on the path towards collapse or achieve a breakthrough towards a greener, better, and safer future. "We know that GDP as a metric does not account for human well-being, planetary sustainability, and non-market services, nor does it consider the distributional aspects of economic activity. It is absurd that when people engage in overfishing, deforestation, or burning fossil fuels, GDP rises. We are destroying nature but treating it as an increase in wealth. This discussion has been ongoing for decades. Now is the time for collective commitment and supplementary measures. Without such fundamental transformation, the targets we set for biodiversity, pollution, and climate change will be unattainable." While the international community is making every effort to combat the pandemic, extreme weather events are also occurring frequently in many countries around the world. From heatwaves to heavy rain and flooding, severe weather conditions are causing significant human casualties and economic losses. The pressure on people from global climate change seems to be increasing. Over the past two years, not only NGOs like Greenpeace and advocates for sustainable development but also governments and institutions at various national and regional levels have strengthened their cooperation and engagement in the field of climate change. Currently, the use of carbon-based energy sources (coal, oil, natural gas) is rapidly increasing. The combustion process of carbon combining with oxygen produces heat and excessive circulation of carbon dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases floating in the Earth's atmosphere. This obstructs the exchange of energy between the Earth and space, disrupts the carbon cycle in the natural world, and causes the Earth to "heat up." Carbon dioxide is a core participant in biological activities. Comparative data shows: **Optimal state:** • Carbon dioxide concentration in the Earth's atmosphere had long stabilized at 270-290ppm. **Crisis state:** • In 2020, carbon dioxide concentration reached a new high of 413.2ppm, 149% of pre-industrial levels. • Methane distribution is at 262% of the levels in 1750. • Nitrous oxide distribution is at 123% of the levels in 1750. • Over the past 30 years, the radiative forcing of long-lived greenhouse gases has increased the warming effect on climate by 47%, with carbon dioxide accounting for approximately 80% of the increase. Data from the latest bulletin released by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in October 2021. As global warming continues, countries are all pursuing a green economy. The green economy is a modern civilization supported by high technologies, sustainable development, and the integration of humanity as a whole. It is an economy that combines marketization with ecological organic integration and fully reflects the value of natural resources and ecosystems. It is a benign development model that combines economic reproduction with natural reproduction, and it is an inevitable product of human society's sustainable development. The green economy sector primarily includes industries such as solar power generation, wind power, hydroelectric power, IT industry, arts, cultural education, and pollution-free crop production. Specifically, the green economy industry is essentially an industry that integrates modern civilization with high-tech support. It is also an industrial economy that reflects the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature. It is an economic project that fully reflects the value of natural resources and ecological mechanisms. Carbon neutrality will play a crucial role in the realization of the green economy. Carbon neutrality refers to achieving a balance among the amount of carbon dioxide generated and released into the atmosphere through human production and activities, the amount of carbon dioxide that can be absorbed or sequestered naturally by Earth's processes (such as oceans, soil, vegetation, forests), and the amount of carbon dioxide that can be captured, sequestered, and utilized through purposeful human interventions in response to climate change. The sum of these three components is zero, indicating carbon neutrality. Carbon neutrality is a central objective in addressing the global environmental crisis, as defined collectively in various international agreements: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, Climate Action Summit. **Carbon neutrality targets have also been established by major world powers/economies:** | | United States | China | European Union | The UK | Japan | | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ------------------- | -------------- | ----------- | ----------- | | Achieve carbon neutrality | Before 2050 | Before 2050 | Before 2050 | Before 2050 | Before 2050 | | Proportion of greenhouse gas emission reductions by 2030 | 50% to 52% | Achieve carbon peak | 55% | 68% | 46% | With the emergence of diverse technologies and new applications, there are new possibilities for achieving carbon neutrality. For example, the metaverse can empower carbon neutrality in various ways. The Metaverse encompasses the achievements of the information revolution (5G/6G), internet revolution (Web 3.0), artificial intelligence revolution, as well as developments in virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), DID technology, NFT technology, DAO organizations, and more. It guides the interaction between information science, quantum science, mathematics, and life sciences, providing imaginative pathways for the digital transformation of humanity. • Web 3.0 represents the blockchainization of the internet and is the next generation of the internet. • The digital economy is an economic form that directly or indirectly utilizes data to guide the functioning of resources and promote productivity development. It is the next generation of the new economy. **Metaverse = High-capacity + Big Data + Zero Emissions + Fusion of the Virtual and Physical Worlds** The highly digitalized and intelligent metaverse, as the culmination of the new wave of technological revolution, is the most powerful tool required for achieving carbon neutrality. According to research by GeSI, the metaverse can empower other industries to reduce global carbon emissions by 20% in the next decade through smart energy, smart manufacturing, smart cities, and other means. • The role of digital design and digital simulation will significantly increase the proportion of informatization and digital economy in GDP, enhance the level of diversified and intelligent energy systems, and reduce carbon emissions. • Digital twinning will greatly reduce the costs and resistance associated with human-to-human and object-to-object movement, improve energy utilization efficiency, and lower carbon emissions. • The advanced development of the Metaverse allows for precise computations and a high level of integration between humans and the virtual world, which will greatly drive breakthroughs in low-carbon technologies. Currently, there is a rapid increase in the number of players in the meta-universe enabling carbon neutralization, such as, LKK Rococo, SIEMENS, Ericsson, DIOR, Boeing, BMW, Omniverse, moziware, Universal Studios, Night Zhouzhuang, Roblox, Microsoft Project XCloud, Horizon Workrooms, 2ndblock, Zepeto, Vyou, Pixsoul, etc. Among them, Green Meta stands out with a view to becoming a benchmark for the digital economy of the carbon neutral meta-universe. # What is Green Meta? Green Meta is a digital economic world focused on driving humanity's carbon neutrality goals through metaverse applications. In the face of the grand goal of sustainable development for human civilization, Green Meta is dedicated to deeply exploring the potential of blockchain and metaverse technologies. It aims to build a high-throughput and high-scalability ecosystem public chain, create a new metaverse DAO, business ecosystem, and economic governance mechanisms. By establishing a benchmark carbon-neutral digital economic world, Green Meta aims to assist humanity in achieving the grand vision of carbon neutrality. The early evangelization team of Green Meta, driven by a pursuit of environmental protection, belief in carbon neutrality, and a vision for a better human life, actively promotes the mission and vision of Green Meta's carbon-neutral metaverse in major countries and regions worldwide. They have influenced and united a group of highly accomplished consensus builders to participate in and drive the construction of Green Meta DAO organization, ecological business and applications, and digital economic governance mechanisms. Their goal is to help Green Meta become a benchmark in the digital economy of carbon-neutral metaverse .
* **Initiating Institution: Carbon Emissions Research Laboratory (CERL)** * **Supporting Organization: Blockchain Ireland** **Early project advisors:** • Prof. Hans-Arno Jacobsen, Professor of Computer Engineering Science at the University of Toronto and IEEE Fellow • Prof. Alex Preda, Professor at King's College London and Visiting Professor at the University of Chicago **Early project investors:** • Victor Lee, Partner at global asset management giant Franklin Templeton • Larry Chiang, Executive Chairman of Forbes Global Alliance **Investment institutions:** • Sullivan Family Fund (USA) • Showbiz Times Holdings Limited (listed under the code 1849) > **Initiating Institution** **Carbon Emissions Research Laboratory (CERL)** ERL is a specialized institution dedicated to carbon emissions research. Its main objectives include assessing and understanding the impacts of carbon emissions on climate change and the environment, as well as providing scientific evidence for policy formulation and implementation. The laboratory focuses on carbon emissions monitoring and measurement, carbon emission source analysis, carbon reduction technology research and development, climate policy analysis, and more. It collaborates with governments, academia, industries, and other research institutions to provide professional carbon emissions research services and policy recommendations. Its research findings and data are widely used in international climate change negotiations and environmental protection decision-making, playing a crucial role in promoting a low-carbon economy and sustainable development. > **Supporting Organization** **Blockchain Ireland** Blockchain Ireland, also known as the Blockchain Association of Ireland, is a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing a platform for promoting collaboration and communication on blockchain technology among businesses, academia, and government sectors in Europe. Its goal is to drive the application and development of the blockchain industry in Europe. As an influential blockchain industry association in the European and American regions, Blockchain Ireland highly praises Green Meta's integration of the concepts of "metaverse + carbon neutrality + DAO." It actively participates in and supports the project's development, continuously promoting Green Meta's innovations and applications within its member organizations, cooperative entities, and industry events. > #### Founding Executive Team **1. CMO: Samuel C. Greenwood** Graduated from Queensland University of Technology in Australia with a major in International Business Studies. Formerly part of the early-stage venture capital team at CryptoBLK, specializing in investment analysis, marketing strategies, and market promotion in the blockchain and Web3 space. **2. COO: William Martin** Graduated from Wharton School of Business at Penn State University in the United States, specializing in strategic planning and global operations. Studied at Sun Yat-sen University in China, familiar with the Chinese cultural environment and language. > #### Early-stage Advisors **1． Prof. Hans-Arno Jacobsen** Professor of Computer Engineering Science at the University of Toronto. Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Leads the Middleware Systems Research Group (msrg.org), focusing on blockchain, middleware systems, and big data systems. Received the prestigious Alexander von Humboldt Professorship award. **2． Prof. Alex Preda** Professor at King's Business School, University of London Visiting Professor at the University of Chicago. Main research interests include global financial markets, innovative finance, blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies, decision-making and cognitive processes in electronic anonymous markets. An internationally renowned financial sociologist. > #### Investment Institutions/Individuals **1. Project Investment Institution: Sullivan Family Fund (United States)** The Sullivan family holds a significant position in the history of American cultural development. They own a television and broadcasting station (Game Creek Video) that covers over 3,000 hot events annually. **2. Project Investment Institution: Showtime Holdings Limited (Stock Code: 1849)** As one of the earliest participants in online marketing services in Singapore, the company ranks first among all online marketing service providers in Singapore. It was listed on the Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2019. **3. Early-stage Investor: Victor Lee** Partner at the global asset management giant Franklin Templeton. **4. Early-stage Investor: Larry Chiang** Chairman of the Forbes Global Alliance. > #### Environmental Partners
> #### Metaverse Partners In addition, the following industry partners are providing technical, application and even global implementation support for Green Meta in the process of metaverse implementation.
# Ecological Composition Green Meta is one of the leaders in the field of carbon-neutral metaverse. It is creating a comprehensive carbon-neutral metaverse ecosystem integration through the fusion application of blockchain technology, interactivity, game engine and twin engine technology, artificial intelligence, comprehensive intelligent network technology, and Internet of Things (IoT) (BIGANT). This ecosystem includes carbon-neutral metaverse, NFT, Web3 games, cloud applications, data exchange, IoT, decentralized governance, distributed digital identity, social interaction, education, enterprise carbon data management, digital derivative DEX, public welfare, and public utilities. Through the synergistic application of multiple ecosystems, Green Meta will actively work towards achieving carbon neutrality goals and ultimately establish an environmentally focused carbon-neutral metaverse system. It will be: • A trustless and highly decentralized carbon-neutral metaverse infrastructure. • A carbon-neutral incentive network based on blockchain technology. • A powerful tool in collaboration with governments and social organizations to establish a carbon-neutral ecosystem and promote the development of metaverse ecological civilization. • A platform that helps environmental conservation efforts overcome trust concerns, aggregates environmental forces from across society, and co-creates a greener Earth. Currently, globally, the trading between blockchain projects across platforms is cumbersome and inefficient, leading to a lack of interoperability and sharing of user traffic between platforms. This directly hinders the breadth and depth of blockchain applications. Green Meta utilizes BIGANT to help achieve carbon neutrality goals and provide new solutions for the ecosystem products of the carbon-neutral metaverse. It creates an exclusive green economy integrated platform for environmental enthusiasts. Furthermore, in the process of realizing the carbon-neutral metaverse, Green Meta will rely on the technical advantages of the Pantanal public chain to build commercial-grade blockchain products, industry solutions, and diverse applications based on the parallel world of the metaverse. It provides a high-performance, highly scalable aggregation platform for the parallel world of the metaverse, capable of quickly constructing upper-layer application business to meet the requirements of large-scale user populations in metaverse application scenarios. With the support of the Pantanal public chain's underlying technology, the Green Meta metaverse parallel world can provide developers on DAPP with user-friendly and comprehensive blockchain gaming infrastructure, including visual development kits and on-chain ecological environments. Developers can directly and graphically complete application development in a low-threshold, fast, and efficient manner without having to focus on the implementation of blockchain technology. Green Meta is opening the doors between the virtual and real worlds, whether from virtual to real or from real to virtual, with the aim of helping users achieve more authentic experiences. It provides a data-transparent, rule-transparent, fair, just, and open ecosystem environment that is free from backend manipulation and malicious inducements. Green Meta hopes that users, investors, clients, and even partners can preserve their assets in a long-term, secure, and decentralized manner. Additionally, through the carbon-neutral metaverse model, Green Meta aims to facilitate the value explosion of the digital asset economy model, ensuring better alignment of interests for users, investors, clients, partners, and developers.
# Ecological Tokens -- CCM The ecological governance token of Green Meta is CCM, with a total supply of 10 billion tokens. It is utilized in various scenarios within the Green Meta ecosystem, such as DAO organization construction, ecological development, voting mechanisms, environmental philanthropy, and enterprise blockchain integration. CCM serves as a general equivalent in the economic value system of Green Meta and functions as the universal currency within the Green Meta. All release mechanisms are executed automatically through on-chain smart contracts, ensuring fairness and transparency. **Total Supply: 10,000,000,000 tokens.** CCM distribution ratio chart
> #### Distribution and Application of CCM **16%: Early DAO Creators (Partners, Business Clients, Developer Community, CTO Alliance Members, etc.)** Intended Use: Incentivize early project development and continuous growth. Unlocking Method: After 50 months of project launch and secondary market trading, unlock in equal proportions over 36 months. **6%: DAO Fund (Investment Institutions, Consensus Community, DAO Builders and Governors)** Intended Use: DAO construction, development, and governance. Unlocking Method: Incentives will be provided during the DAO construction and development process; there should generally be a locking period. Initial estimates suggest unlocking in equal proportions over 50 months after 24 months of project launch and secondary market trading. **2%: Public Offering, Private Placement, IEO (Fundraising from institutions through private placement and various channels like trading markets)** Intended Use: Funds allocated for project research and development, market promotion, and sustainable growth, with appropriate development capital reserves. Unlocking Method: Start at project initiation and periodically unlock based on different stages of project development, with varying locking periods determined accordingly. **14%: Ecological Construction (Partners, Business Clients, Developer Community, CTO Alliance Members, etc.)** Intended Use: Incentives for Green Mate's ecological construction to encourage contributions from society as a whole for platform development. Unlocking Method: Locked and released according to agreements based on cooperation terms and contribution levels. **2%: Advisors (Consensus members who provide significant resources and contributions to Green Mate's development)** Intended Use: Incentives for senior advisors, industry experts, and influential individuals to provide constructive advice and resources for platform development. Unlocking Method: Generally, there should be a locking period. Unlocking in equal proportions over 50 months after 24 months of project launch and secondary market trading. **4%: Public Welfare (Donations to environmental-related charitable projects, empowering carbon neutrality)** Intended Use: Used for the construction and development of platform-based public welfare initiatives. Unlocking Method: Confirmation through consensus voting. **1%: Circulation (Secondary market circulation)** Intended Use: Used to maintain the circulation of CCM and ensure smooth operation in the secondary market. Unlocking Method: Unlocked upon listing in the secondary market. **55%: Trusted Validation Nodes** Airdrops, Metaverse Tree NFT Governance Exploration, Metaverse Land NFT Governance Exploration, Voting Rights Incentives, Node Contribution Governance Exploration, Node Staking Governance Exploration. Halving every 720 days, with the initial (720-day) cycle producing 3,819,444 carbon credits per day. Unlocking Method: Unlocked based on platform development, ecological updates, and governance explorations. **Main Planned Uses:** 1\. Airdrops: Irregular, unscheduled distributions for governance exploration activities. 2\. Metaverse Tree NFT Governance Exploration: Mining activities for holders during the 1.0 period. 3\. Metaverse Land NFT Governance Exploration: Mining activities for holders during the 1.0 period. 4\. Voting Rights Incentives: Becoming a node holder grants voting rights and incentives. 5\. Node Contribution Governance Exploration: Each node can receive governance exploration incentives based on contributions. 6\. Node Staking Governance Exploration: Each node can receive governance exploration incentives through staking. # Green Meta Architecture System {% embed url="" %} {% content-ref url="/pages/75jHaL8YljCaG52tfHXL" %} [Design Principles](/white-paper/green-meta-architecture-system/design-principles) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/Bhamb1zjhp0VzGg1L6sP" %} [Technical Architecture](/white-paper/green-meta-architecture-system/technical-architecture) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/i8EMHaHWLhlukJNzXtkH" %} [Functional Component Composition](/white-paper/green-meta-architecture-system/functional-component-composition) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/KOKQtgGuyqCaH2qQ06fG" %} [Broken mention](broken://pages/KOKQtgGuyqCaH2qQ06fG) {% endcontent-ref %} # Design Principles Green Meta System Architecture is centered around carbon neutrality in the metaverse, aiming for a diverse and secure ecosystem development. It is designed based on the following principles:
**1. Value Propagation** Principle Green Meta is value-oriented, showcasing a three-dimensional model that serves as a benchmark for carbon-neutral metaverse digital economy and tokenized asset incentives. In this model, all participants are interconnected within the ecosystem, demonstrating multidimensional value through various combinations of industrial applications within a single domain. **2. Autonomy Principle** We believe that decentralization should minimize external interventions and maintain the system's normal operation. By distributing power across numerous entities, individual productivity can be further unleashed. If the internet liberated productivity, decentralization takes it a step further by enabling consensus between individuals. Node autonomy is the principle that decentralization must adhere to. **3. Sustainability Principle** Information dissemination can create value by connecting the intrinsic value chain of encrypted assets, achieving sustainable development. It continuously generates new demands, products, and applications, driving iterative information updates in a virtuous cycle. The growth rate of information carriers depends not on the starting point's height but on the number of iterations. With more iterations driven by changing demands, the higher the system's maturity, influence, and intrinsic value chain's sustainability. **4. Efficiency Principle** Supported by the five BIGANT technologies: Pantanal public chain and blockchain, interactivity technology, game engine and twin engine technology, artificial intelligence, comprehensive intelligent network technology, and Internet of Things, Green Meta adopts dynamic sharding technology. This technology fragments network nodes based on transaction characteristics and node resource features, allowing each shard node to process only corresponding application requests. This sharding mechanism improves system processing speed and increases transactions per second (TPS). To ensure the reliability of shard nodes, a dynamic mechanism will be implemented, where shard node members are not fixed but elected. Theoretically, the BIGANT technology can achieve a processing capacity of millions of transactions per second (TPS). **5. Tokenization Principle** Green Meta ensures fairness and trustworthiness in each step, including node candidacy for bookkeeping, data packaging, user service request access, distributed data processing, and distributed computing collaboration. It achieves true decentralization in the network ecosystem from a mechanistic perspective. Green Meta aims to build a brand-new carbon-neutral metaverse system, serving as a potential internet value transmission protocol for the future world. It pushes forward the usability and practicality of the entire blockchain industry, combining cutting-edge technology with traditional business applications, bringing this technology into people's daily lives. Additionally, Green Meta will penetrate target industries, gaining market share and solid user support. Based on this foundation, it will gradually develop into a benchmark for carbon-neutral metaverse digital economy truly integrated with real-world business applications. # Technical Architecture Green Meta is developed based on the Pantanal public chain architecture, effectively addressing the increasingly complex demands and enabling rapid iteration of specified functionalities without impacting other module functions. It is a comprehensive technological revolution that combines six key technological pillars: blockchain, interactivity, game engine and twin engine technology, artificial intelligence, comprehensive intelligent network technology, and Internet of Things. These six technologies are creatively combined and abbreviated as BIGANT, also known as the "Great Ant." At the application layer, Green Meta adopts a top-down design approach. Firstly, it focuses on designing the blockchain protocol to address data standardization and interoperability across multiple chains. Secondly, it defines a component model for general interactivity, game engine, and twin engine technology, achieving loose coupling and plug-and-play capabilities for specific functional components to meet the need for custom extensions in applications. Finally, based on standardized artificial intelligence, comprehensive intelligent network technology, Internet of Things, and component models, it builds carbon-neutral metaverse tools and development kits that meet specific application standards, providing tools for rapidly realizing commercial-grade metaverse applications.
**1. Blockchain Protocol** Green Meta relies on the Pantanal public chain to create a blockchain protocol as the top-level architectural design. The blockchain protocol defines the data format standards for blockchain, including ledger state, historical proof, ledger operation set, and contract instruction set. **2. Component Model** The "component model" is the framework model for the logical components of Green Meta, representing the implementation framework for underlying system protocols. It includes components such as network, ledger, persistence engine, and contract engine. **3. Service Model** The "service model" represents the specific implementation of the upper-level blockchain protocol and component model, consisting of gateways, services, node networks, SDKs, and a set of toolkits. These technological forces are the key drivers of productivity transformation, changes in production relations, societal and era changes, and iterative leaps in civilization. They are the most powerful tools for achieving carbon neutrality and the future of the human community. They empower Green Meta to realize DAO organizational autonomy, develop commercial ecosystems, govern the metaverse's new society, and construct a next-generation hybrid human society. Ants, though individually low in intelligence, form highly intelligent small societies when they come together. They can regulate temperature, construct complex ant nests, manage fungus farms, tend aphid farms, and form armies. The larger the population, the higher the collective intelligence. In the same way, as technology advances, the intelligence of the Green Meta metaverse increases, providing greater value in enabling carbon neutrality.
# Functional Component Composition **Green Meta will provide, but not limited to, the following component support:** • A multi-application runtime environment with interoperable interfaces with blockchain systems. • Interactivity technology model, reflecting the user's ability to interact with objects within the simulated environment and the naturalness of feedback received from the environment. • A test chain with efficient artificial intelligence (AI) network and high-speed contract virtual machine. • Cross-chain acceptance gateway supporting homogeneous and non-fungible digital assets. • Enhanced comprehensive intelligent network technology (Network) permission system. • Internet of Things (IoT) technology capable of continuous execution across blocks. • Atomic DID transaction operations. • Support for syntax-level consensus tasks. • Small-scale consensus and random numbers. • Support for endogenous trusted random processes. • Support for extremely short on-chain transaction confirmation periods. • Support for on-chain precise timers, support for Standby mode, and contract execution modes with personalized support. • Transaction verification mechanisms to prevent BP/developer cheating. **Additionally, Green Meta will provide, but not limited to, the following functionalities:** • Interfaces for intermediary asset operations. • Examples of non-fungible asset circulation platforms. • Support for player autonomy and DApp mechanisms. • Visual IDE (including visual editing of games, social programs, and contracts). • Complete wallet, user system, and asset browser. # Pantanal Public Chain {% embed url="" %} {% content-ref url="/pages/8VDImGGlgNcT0I4g6Nmh" %} [Introduction to Pantanal Public Chain](/white-paper/pantanal-public-chain/introduction-to-pantanal-public-chain) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/gbd6dEjTpwoNqvx1pQFT" %} ["1+N" Multi-Coin Gas Payment Mechanism](/white-paper/pantanal-public-chain/1+n-multi-coin-gas-payment-mechanism) {% endcontent-ref %} # Introduction to Pantanal Public Chain Pantanal, as the underlying public chain of Green Meta, serves as a solid foundation for realizing the commercial ecosystem of Green Meta. Pantanal Public Chain is a next-generation public chain that innovates and upgrades based on the Ethereum public chain, inheriting its legacy while introducing novel elements. • A new genneration of L2 public chain • High TPS and high throughput advantages • Innovative PPOA consensus mechanism developed in-house • Support for unlimited extension of ecological applications through exclusive "parallel chains" • Pioneering "1+N" multi-coin gas payment mechanism • Seamless migration of Ethereum applications ensured by adopting EVM, enabling the sharing of Pantanal's innovative mechanisms.
# PPOA Consensus Mechanism The PPOA (Pantanal Proof of Authority) consensus mechanism is a self-developed consensus mechanism of the Pantanal public chain. It combines the advantages of the POA consensus mechanism and addresses the issue of distrust in the POA mechanism. The PPOA consensus mechanism consists of 21 super nodes and N service nodes. Each super node is required to disclose information and must be elected as a super node through community voting. In the event of an unexpected interruption of a super node, a backup node takes its place, with super nodes rotating every 24 hours.
# Support for Dedicated "Sidechains" The Pantanal public chain supports the unlimited extension of dedicated "sidechains" for ecological applications. This allows ecological application providers to extend their own dedicated chains based on the Pantanal public chain, issue ecological application tokens, and set them as Gas Tokens for their respective applications, while sharing the consensus and governance mechanisms of the Pantanal public chain. **Advantages:** • By extending a dedicated chain based on the Pantanal public chain, ecological application providers can significantly reduce the cost of obtaining a public chain, freeing up more capital for development. • Setting their own tokens as Gas Tokens enables rapid application development and eliminates barriers for user participation, facilitating application prosperity. • The shared consensus and governance mechanisms between the dedicated chains and the Pantanal public chain promote ecological integration, creating a mutually empowering environment. # "1+N" Multi-Coin Gas Payment Mechanism The Pantanal public chain pioneers the "1+N" multi-coin gas payment mechanism by modifying the underlying Gas mechanism. This allows any token issued on the public chain to be used as gas fees for miners, replacing the traditional mechanism where only the native token of the public chain can be used for gas payments. **Advantages:** • Ecological applications no longer need to consider gas fees, resulting in low economic costs and making the Pantanal public chain the preferred choice for application projects. • Tokens issued on the Pantanal public chain can directly participate in on-chain activities as gas, increasing token circulation and enabling application projects to not only gain economic potential but also exert a sense of ownership to drive ecological development. • Application projects can airdrop tokens to any consensus group of users within the Pantanal public chain ecosystem, allowing users to participate in projects with "0 gas" and greatly reducing user acquisition costs while improving efficiency, leading to ecological prosperity. # DID-Related Technologies **Through DID, users can have high-level secure identity identification and verification within Green Meta.** {% content-ref url="/pages/ZFQn1RwlLq3Gtf6WjCLh" %} [Definition of DID](/white-paper/did-related-technologies/definition-of-did) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/YBErEpnwIFN0vUTds5TQ" %} [Value of DID](/white-paper/did-related-technologies/value-of-did) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/rWmjMaxaoFD8eEO36MPy" %} [Green Meta DID](/white-paper/did-related-technologies/green-meta-did) {% endcontent-ref %} # Definition of DID DID, short for Decentralized Identifiers, also known as distributed digital identities, is defined as a new globally unique identifier. It is a type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that represents a permanent and immutable string. This identifier can be used for individuals, vehicles, animals, and even everything, and can be associated with files describing the target objects through DID URLs. On the surface, DID is just a new type of global unique identifier, but at a deeper level, DID is a new distributed digital identity of the Internet. It is also a core component of the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) layer. This distributed PKI (DPKI) may have an equally significant impact on global network security, privacy, and the SSL/TLS protocol for encrypted network traffic (which is currently the world's largest PKI). The DID system mainly includes the following hierarchical elements: > **Basic Layer: DID Specification** 1\. DID Identifier Entities are identified by DIDs. They can be authenticated through proofs such as digital signatures and privacy-preserving biometric protocols. 2\. DID Document DIDs point to DID documents. DID documents contain a set of service endpoints for interacting with entities. Following the principle of privacy by design, each entity can have as many DIDs as necessary to respect the separation of identities, roles, and backgrounds desired by the entity. (Note that there is no personally identifiable information in the DID document, such as real name, address, phone number, etc. Therefore, relying solely on the DID specification is not sufficient to verify a person's identity; it must be done through the VC in the DID application layer.) > **Application Layer: Verifiable Claims** Verifiable Claims (or Verifiable Credentials), abbreviated as VC. # Value of DID • Decentralization: Based on blockchain, it avoids identity data being controlled by a single centralized authority. • Identity autonomy and control: Based on distributed public key infrastructure, each user's identity is not controlled by a trusted third party but by its owner. Individuals can autonomously manage their own identities. • Trusted data exchange: Identity-related data is anchored on the blockchain, and the authentication process does not depend on the application provider that requests the identity. A user's DID digital identity consists of three parts: DID identifier, DID document, and verifiable credentials. Each DID must have a unique DID document but can have an indefinite number of verifiable credentials. • DID Identifier: Digital identities are identified by DIDs, so the DID identifier should have the characteristics of uniqueness within the application and cross-application self-discovery. The DID identifier follows the W3C specification and mainly consists of three parts: a fixed prefix "did:hpc," a partition identifier "chain\_id," and a unique number identifier "account\_address." • DID Document: The DID document is used to describe the characteristics of a digital identity and corresponds to the DID identifier on a one-to-one basis. The DID document records account public keys, account status, authorization management accounts, and provides extensible fields for users to configure flexibly according to their business scenarios. The verification behavior of transactions related to digital identity services will be based on the public keys in the DID document. • Verifiable Credentials: Verifiable credentials are used to describe the identity attributes of a digital identity holder in the real world. They include information such as the issuer, validity period, and the verified attributes. Verifiable credentials are issued by authoritative institutions, and a digital identity can have an indefinite number of verifiable credentials. With the booming development of the metaverse, each individual's virtual reality will have a unique identity. DID accounts are naturally suitable for this With the booming development of the metaverse, each individual's virtual reality will have a unique identity. DID accounts are naturally suitable for this scenario. Users will have a unique DID account identity in the metaverse, which can include various real and valid credentials from their real-life, as well as various authorization credentials from the virtual world. Users can choose to display or use them according to their needs, experiencing better services brought by the metaverse. Additionally, different metaverse scenarios can have different DID account identities, and in the future, account traversal between different metaverses and "cross-universe" asset transactions can be realized. A decentralized DID account system can be flexibly applied in various areas such as consumer data authorization, industry regulation, and government affairs processing. It can also avoid the embarrassing situation of traditional blockchain accounts losing private keys and assets being lost to zero. Furthermore, it can establish one-click login services for on-chain applications and a metaverse identity system. # Green Meta DID Users can utilize DID (Decentralized Identifiers) technology for high-level secure identity identification and verification to enter the Green Meta metaverse DAO organization and have a unique digital persona system and NFT.
**Characteristics of DID in Green Meta:** • Quantifiable data nature: DID possesses various parameters of an identity card, allowing you to manage your virtual identity through data. • Identity growth and advancement: The parameters of the identity card in DID have changing and evolving characteristics, gradually growing into a better virtual self based on your contributions to the community. • Web3 domain features: Web3 domains serve as the foundation of DID, incorporating information such as collection addresses, user accounts, aggregating user data, accessing DApps supported by the domain, and social account nicknames. When the data collected by DID is sufficient, it can be used as an independent domain, enabling integration with APIs and more. • Personal privacy data stored in blocks: DID's credential data is completely controlled by users, encrypted for storage and transmission. **Value of DID for Green Meta:** • DID empowers the creation of Green Meta's metaverse digital persona: By joining Green Meta and creating an identity, you achieve a unique identity through DID technology. From identity markers to the diverse manifestations of your virtual self (exclusive metaverse digital persona), all rely on DID technology. • DID applied in various scenarios within Green Meta metaverse: DID technology is essential for digital identity authentication, digital wallets, digital asset transactions, and other scenarios in the Green Meta metaverse. It enables identity verification without disclosing personal sensitive information, enhancing the overall experience. • DID serves as the gateway to Green Meta's digital economy: Within the digital economic structure of Green Meta metaverse, DID has vast potential to provide more services and scenarios. It serves as a foundation for a wide range of opportunities.
# NFT Related Technologies {% content-ref url="/pages/DamFrbIeR8HfxfghwgHC" %} [The Boom of the NFT Market](/white-paper/nft-related-technologies/the-boom-of-the-nft-market) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/Y5kqhuxnT2MsiIsty1Pt" %} [Green Meta Introduces NFTs](/white-paper/nft-related-technologies/green-meta-introduces-nfts) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/R3xHe4sDNXsG5rt1Py16" %} [Green Meta Integrated Applications for NFTs](/white-paper/nft-related-technologies/green-meta-integrated-applications-for-nfts) {% endcontent-ref %} # The Boom of the NFT Market NFT (Non-fungible Token), also known as a non-divisible and unique digital certificate, is capable of mapping to specific assets. It records relevant ownership information, transaction history, and other related details of the specific asset in its smart contract's metadata. Additionally, it generates an immutable and unique code on the corresponding blockchain, ensuring its uniqueness and authenticity. NFTs enable the digitization and tradability of virtual items, granting digital assets tangible value. **1. Characteristics of NFT** • Ownership of specific assets: NFTs utilize blockchain technology to establish ownership of specific assets, becoming recognized tradable entities. The price of an NFT reflects market recognition of the asset's value and scarcity. • Authenticity and uniqueness: Leveraging blockchain's immutability and traceability, NFTs authenticate and ensure the uniqueness of the recorded ownership. NFTs can represent various assets such as virtual collectibles, in-game items, virtual properties, digital artworks, and real estate. • Anchoring value to non-fungible assets: In contrast to fungible tokens (e.g., fiat currencies, cryptocurrencies), NFTs fundamentally anchor the value of non-fungible assets. Fungible tokens anchor value to interchangeable assets like gold or USD. While both are tradable, the value of each NFT is distinct and unparalleled. **2. Comparison between Fungible Tokens (FT) and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT)** • Fungible Tokens (FT): Fungibility refers to assets that adhere to the same rules and can be freely exchanged or divided. For example, cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin have the same price at a given time, allowing one Bitcoin to be exchanged for another. Bitcoin can also be divided into fractions such as 0.1, 0.01, or 0.0001 BTC. • Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT): Non-fungibility signifies complete uniqueness and indivisibility. Examples include real-world assets like real estate, cars, or passports. Each property differs in layout, price, developer, location, management, and size. Ownerships are distinct, and a property cannot be divided and sold to multiple individuals. We can clearly see that the current major application areas for NFTs include gaming, artwork, domain names, collectibles, virtual assets, and the tokenization of real-world assets (STO). Artwork and gaming, in particular, have gained significant attention in the market. Some game items and artworks naturally possess uniqueness and indivisibility, making them a perfect fit for NFTs, effectively preventing counterfeiting and fraud. The rise of NFTs has provided substantial support to the market, as observed from the development journey of DeFi. • Innovative experimentation: NFTs represent an attempt to bridge the gap between the cryptocurrency market and the real world, bringing additional value to real-world assets. NFTs impart characteristics of the crypto market to real-world creations, ensuring complete privacy, security, uniqueness, and convenience. • Immutability and protection against plagiarism: NFTs are tamper-proof digital works, addressing ownership concerns. Unlike previous digital artworks, which were easily copied, NFTs are immutable. • Increased awareness of digital assets: NFTs have raised awareness regarding the ownership and security of digital assets. Incidents such as bank card theft and game account/item theft have emphasized the desire for absolute security and ownership. By possessing the private key to an NFT token, one has complete ownership. In traditional industries, digital assets and accounts are centralized, depriving users of full ownership and long-term security. Since the end of 2020, the NFT market has experienced rapid growth. Traditional companies seeking new business opportunities have become increasingly interested in this domain. Moreover, with ongoing technological advancements, more funds are entering the NFT space.
**3. Popular NFT Application Markets** Currently, NFTs are most prevalent in the gaming and art collectibles sectors. Specific domains within the NFT industry will play a significant role. Digital art, virtual land, and DeFi NFTs are set to explode in growth in 2021. Digital art is leading the way and will become a prominent category within the space. In the realm of art collectibles, NFTs not only provide a new programmable means for artistic creation but also replicate the collectibility of physical artworks, imbuing digital artworks with individuality and uniqueness. In the future, digital collectibles, including artworks, will thrive. On NFT art platforms, artists can earn a percentage of profits from all secondary sales, a distinctive difference from the traditional art market. In the gaming industry, the combination of NFTs and DeFi opens up limitless possibilities. NFTs and gaming are closely related, as many people may not be familiar with certain artworks, but they are well-acquainted with in-game items and equipment. This will bring about significant changes to the entire industry. Many games are currently unable to introduce new elements and are limited to recreating existing content. For example, in some DeFi + NFT games, each character represents the user's deposit on a lending platform. Game characters can battle, level up, and equip items.
Additionally, concepts like zero-knowledge proofs bring changes to game rules, eliminating the need for highly centralized servers. Local computations can be performed, and proofs can be conducted on-chain, allowing for the scalability of games. Currently, online games typically host a few thousand or tens of thousands of players simultaneously due to server limitations. However, in the future, we can expect a new era of decentralized games with millions or even tens of millions of players online, resulting in a vast number of NFTs and significant value creation. Against the backdrop of global digital transformation, NFTs will play an irreplaceable role in the future blockchain ecosystem. They may even become key drivers and cornerstones for many industries to achieve digital economic transformation. Exchanges must contemplate how to seize opportunities in this emerging trend and use them to drive digital economic development. As more NFT applications materialize, people are glimpsing the broader possibilities offered by blockchain technology, and the market eagerly awaits the profound changes it will bring to public lifestyles. # Green Meta Introduces NFTs In the Green Meta metaverse, NFTs are used for various purposes such as virtual land, digital artworks, and digital assets. **Key Features of Green Meta NFTs:** • Data Source Characteristics: NFTs' decentralized identifiers (DIDs) manage various growth data, creating unique data sources for each NFT. • Inherent Growth: NFTs possess inherent growth based on factors such as the number of trees planted on virtual land, community contributions, and industry empowerment. The more prosperous the community and the stronger the industry empowerment, the faster the NFT's growth. • Economic Value: As the data source expands and the NFT itself grows, scarcity increases, leading to higher value and prices. Scarce NFTs also attract more opportunities for speculation and industry empowerment, resulting in significant economic value for holders.
**NFTs Empower Identity Verification in Green Meta:** • Digital Identity Authentication: NFTs associated with digital identities enable secure and trustworthy authentication, protecting personal privacy and preventing identity theft. • Ownership of Digital Assets: By representing digital assets as NFTs, ownership confirmation and transfer of digital assets are facilitated, ensuring their value and security. • Ownership of Virtual Land: Virtual land in the Green Meta metaverse is a valuable asset, and NFTs ensure its uniqueness and reliability. # Green Meta Integrated Applications for NFTs From digital art to virtual real estate, NFTs have consistently led the way. NFT exchanges, NFT collateral protocols, and many other integrated and innovative solutions based on NFTs are gaining more response from the NFT community. To support the high-value circulation of NFT assets, Green Meta will establish a more convenient NFT marketplace where users, projects, and investors can create, trade, auction, and engage in primary and secondary market transactions. The main components of the Green Meta NFT integrated application system include: • Establishing a foundational service platform for Green Meta NFTs, providing transaction support for tokenization of physical assets and the digital economy derived from NFTs. • Providing industry-specific application solutions for Green Meta NFTs, enabling third parties to develop reasonable NFT application models based on their respective industries. **1. NFT Creation** Green Meta aims to empower creators by providing them with a platform for NFT creation. It strives to elevate the creator economy to a new level, allowing artists to enjoy perpetual royalties, revenue sharing, and affordable minting fees. Through innovative underlying systems and cross-chain protocols, Green Meta offers cost-effective, high-performance blockchain technology to global artists and NFT institutions, enabling them to focus on creating artwork and benefiting from the high liquidity of incremental user markets within the NFT wave. Green Meta serves as an important channel for promoting NFT concepts, market education, and liquidity expansion by connecting NFT artists/institutions with users. It provides a comprehensive experience for artists, regular users, and professional NFT institutions, including platform empowerment, low-cost minting, artwork exhibition, sales, and promotion. It fosters the popularity and promotion of NFTs, exploring the limitless possibilities of NFTs in terms of artistic value and applications, making everyone an NFT artist! **2. Fractionalized NFT Trading** Users can fractionalize their owned NFT assets through Green Meta's fractionalized NFT trading. This model introduces Automated Market Makers (AMMs) and liquidity mining. NFT holders can lock their ERC-721/ERC-1155 standard-based NFTs into smart contracts to create MTokens, which are ERC-20 tokens representing collections of one or more NFTs, with the issuance determined by the creator. Buyers can purchase MTokens to gain partial ownership of the NFT collections (based on the number of MTokens held). NFT collectors can bid on individual NFTs within the collections, and MToken holders vote on whether to accept the highest bid. When a certain percentage of votes (set by the creator during MToken creation) agree to accept the highest bid, the NFT is unlocked, and the highest bidder can claim the NFT, while the MToken holders receive a proportional share of the proceeds from the NFT sale. MTokens essentially provide holders with governance tokens that grant voting rights and profit sharing. To maximize their earnings, this model incentivizes MToken holders to actively participate in voting when the bid for the NFT collection reaches the expected valuation. MToken holders are also motivated to promote the collection to attract higher bids for the NFTs. **3. NFT Auctions** Green Meta aims to create an ecosystem for auctioning NFT items and valuable products, providing a reliable business model and platform for artists, gamers, investors, and collectors. The Green Meta NFT auction is a DApp developed on the Ethereum network, offering infrastructure for NFT creation, trading, and circulation. Green Meta also establishes a dedicated NFT investor protection fund that supports various aspects, including investing in and acquiring NFT platforms and artworks, incubating top-tier NFT artists, bridging traditional top-tier artists to the NFT space, sponsoring art museums, organizing art exhibitions or publications, establishing awards, supporting art creation and criticism, and building relevant art collections. **4. Primary and Secondary Market Trading** Green Meta assists quality projects, users, investors, and related institutions in primary issuance, trading, and circulation of NFT assets. Through Green Meta, users or players can purchase NFTs before they enter the secondary market, allowing them to obtain better entry prices or priority access to projects. For example, users can participate directly in market subscriptions on the Green Meta platform to obtain better entry prices or earlier project experiences. In terms of secondary market liquidity, the Green Meta secondary market relies on its large community traffic to help users address liquidity issues. On the Green Meta platform, buyers and sellers can freely trade on the NFT secondary market. Lastly, Green Meta places significant emphasis on a mobile strategy. We will collaborate with third-party developers to support DApp applications and provide mobile smart contract services. We encourage third-party developers to join us in developing end-to-end blockchain services, collectively promoting the implementation of blockchain technology in the global community and the NFT trading field.
# Interactivity {% content-ref url="/pages/jaIuIGhNXBOs9cN4k0oU" %} [Overview of Interactive](/white-paper/interactivity/overview-of-interactive) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/6K90hRWUKufH14mdst35" %} [Value and Application Paradigms](/white-paper/interactivity/value-and-application-paradigms) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/6xrppMZQrSsvM6POrMH7" %} [Green Meta Interactive Technology Applications](/white-paper/interactivity/green-meta-interactive-technology-applications) {% endcontent-ref %} # Overview of Interactive Interactivity refers to the various telecommunications signal conversion technologies that output to human sensory organs, such as head-mounted displays and haptic feedback. It includes input technologies represented by position/force/velocity sensors and composite interaction technologies represented by brain-computer interfaces. This includes AR, VR, MR, and other technologies. Although there is no universal consensus on the exact meaning of interactivity, the most popular definition comes from computer graphics literature. Interactivity is a way of using physical input/output devices to accomplish general tasks in human-computer dialogues. A recent change is that interactivity is the fusion of input and output, composed of all software and hardware elements, providing users with a way to accomplish tasks. Various branches of interactivity, through scanning, modeling, animation design, and other techniques, bring highly realistic virtual humans into the metaverse and provide surreal interaction methods in the symbiotic social environment between humans and machines. At the same time, through XR (VR/AR/MR) and holographic projection technologies, virtual humans can step out of virtual space and seamlessly integrate with real-world scenes, serving as the connector between virtual and physical worlds.
An interaction task is the unit of user input information, such as inputting a piece of text, issuing a command, or specifying a two-dimensional position. A similar concept is a domain object, which is an application data that can be manipulated by the user. Interactivity serves as the adhesive between physical I/O devices and interaction tasks or domain objects. Different types of interactivity can be used to map a specific device to a specific domain object. For example, pen-based text input has different gesture letters. Generally, the poorer the compatibility between the device and the domain object, the more complex the interactivity. For example, using a mouse to specify a two-dimensional point involves a trivial interactivity, while using a mouse to rotate a three-dimensional object requires more creativity to design the interaction and more code to implement it. VR simulates a virtual world by using computer-generated environments and immerses users into that environment using devices, creating a sense of being present in the virtual world. It emphasizes real-time interaction between the user and the virtual world, resulting in a closed and immersive virtual experience. The virtual world is not directly visible to us but can be seen through devices such as VR glasses, hence the term "virtual reality." AR is a new technology that seamlessly integrates real-world information and virtual world information. It takes difficult-to-experience physical information (visual, auditory, taste, tactile, olfactory, etc.) within a certain space in the real world and simulates and overlays it onto the real world using computer and other scientific technologies, perceived by human senses, thereby achieving sensory experiences beyond reality. The real environment and virtual objects are simultaneously superimposed in the same image or space, enhancing the real world, hence the term "augmented reality." Although VR and AR have not reached their full potential yet, there are signs of their fusion, which is known as MR. MR blends the real and virtual worlds together to create a new visual environment. In this environment, there are both real objects and virtual information, and it is crucial that it is "real-time" to enhance the user's sense of reality. This is referred to as "mixed reality." Currently, there are five main ways in which users interact with AR, VR, XR, and MR: eye-tracking-based eye-controlled interaction, natural language-based voice interaction, body-based gesture interaction, and neuron-based brain-machine (interface) interaction. # Value and Application Paradigms Interactivity has been steadily advancing in various fields of application. Examples include digital twins, holographic projection sandboxes, immersive interactive experience labs, holographic transparent screens, and holographic live streaming. **1. Digital Twins** VR, AR, MR, XR, and other hardware operating systems serve as gateways to enter the metaverse. They not only present realistic artistic effects but also allow users to interact directly as virtual avatars. The scale of the metaverse is directly influenced by the hardware facilities, while the underlying architecture determines the stability of its operation. The practical applications demonstrate the prospects and charm of the metaverse. To create a new virtual space close to reality, it is necessary to replicate and imitate the data of the physical world. However, storing the data of physical objects and releasing them in a virtual space, even with computer calculations, was almost impossible in the early stages of the metaverse, which remained in the realm of speculation. The emergence of digital twin technology has overcome this bottleneck. Digital twins possess characteristics such as interoperability, real-time capability, scalability, fidelity, and closed-loop functionality: • Interoperability: Physical objects and digital spaces in digital twins can be bidirectionally mapped, dynamically interacted with, and connected. Therefore, digital twins have the ability to map physical entities to various digital models and convert and merge between different digital models. • Real-time capability: Since digital twins aim to reproduce physical entities that change over time, they need to manage data in a way that can be recognized and processed by computers, i.e., digitization. • Scalability: Digital twin technology has the ability to integrate, add, and replace digital models, as well as extend the content of models. • Fidelity: Digital twins require virtual objects to not only highly simulate the geometric structure of physical entities but also simulate their states, phases, and temporal aspects, striving to ensure the similarity between digital virtual models and physical entities. • Closed-loop functionality: The digital virtual body in digital twins is used to visualize the physical entity's visual model and internal mechanisms, monitor the physical entity's state data, perform analysis and inference, optimize process parameters and operating parameters, and make decisions. It uses a closed-loop system for both virtual and physical entities. In digital twins, physical objects are first transformed into data, and then data and principles are modeled. The mechanism models and data-driven models in the digital twins learn and dynamically adjust themselves. Finally, the models are loaded into software to describe, diagnose, predict, and make decisions about physical objects. Digital twins enable the feedback of real physical systems to virtual space digital models, thereby constructing realistic environments with rich details from real life and creating immersive experiences. The metaverse replicates and modifies the real world based on the logic of reality or illusions (such as surrealism and science fiction), presenting a "multiverse" in an open mode. **2. Other Applications** Immersive interactive technology is currently widely applied. In addition to digital twins, here are a few common applications such as holographic projection sandboxes, immersive interactive experience labs, holographic transparent screens, and holographic live streaming. # Green Meta Interactive Technology Applications Green Meta's interactive technology empowers carbon neutrality: • Through the Green Meta metaverse conference room, the average emissions reduction per online meeting is 27.932 kg CO2 equivalent per session, and the emissions reduction per person per online meeting is 2.202 kg CO2 equivalent. • Innovative industrial solutions within Green Meta, such as using AR overlays to extract information, will help blockchain-based enterprises improve processes, increase efficiency, and promote carbon reduction. Green Meta aims to create the ultimate virtual reality center, focusing game players in an immersive and engaging environment. For the first time in history, players can access encrypted information and immersive applications in one place and gain access to various levels of trading resources, virtual business resources, realistic experiences, and anything else imagined through virtual reality experiences. Therefore, Green Meta introduces human consciousness into the virtual world, making the brain believe in the virtual world it has created. In this virtual world: • Users/players can customize their own avatars, including height, body shape, and appearance. • Users/players experience a first-person perspective and feel as if they are truly present in the virtual world. • Visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory senses are all present, providing an experience almost identical to the real world. • Users/players can engage in various activities, including leisure and entertainment such as gaming, shopping, eating, and dancing, as well as work, business negotiations, relaxation, wandering, idleness, and even things that are impossible in the real world, such as flying and teleportation.
In the future, in the exploration of metaverse construction, Green Meta will go through three stages of interaction. The first stage involves interacting with computers and mobile devices by issuing commands through devices such as mouse, keyboard, and touch control. The second stage involves human-computer interaction and intelligent experiences through gesture interaction, voice interaction, and other technologies. The third stage involves gradually implementing full-body tracking and full-body sensing through virtual reality and augmented reality technologies to achieve better immersive interaction experiences. Green Meta aims to change the world. Additionally, Green Meta's applications will have more support. As a benchmark in the metaverse, Green Meta will provide support for the implementation of various technologies, including AR, MR, XR, ER, and other landing scenarios. It will also provide open interfaces to create a technological foundation for third parties to quickly apply the metaverse, thereby driving the acceleration of the virtual reality era in the metaverse. # Game Engine and Twin Engine Technology {% content-ref url="/pages/ZQIGopQj6vUBMOL1rrgm" %} [Overview of the Gaming Market](/white-paper/game-engine-and-twin-engine-technology/overview-of-the-gaming-market) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/oRNgwdQ3qnt4N7aPyRIq" %} [Development Trends in Blockchain Gaming Industry](/white-paper/game-engine-and-twin-engine-technology/development-trends-in-blockchain-gaming-industry) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/Iaaz6ErlTIP3d5OLl16W" %} [Advantages of Game Engine](/white-paper/game-engine-and-twin-engine-technology/advantages-of-game-engine) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/CIx5yfTcwS6fAieHLRFi" %} [Innovations of Green Meta](/white-paper/game-engine-and-twin-engine-technology/innovations-of-green-meta) {% endcontent-ref %} # Overview of the Gaming Market The gaming industry has maintained rapid growth as a sunrise industry for the past 20 years. With the development of internet technology, the gaming industry is poised to become an even larger sector. One of the earliest applications of blockchain technology is in gaming. The combination of blockchain and gaming has brought about new changes to the market. Gaming is one of the earliest and largest application areas for blockchain technology. The integration of blockchain and gaming is exciting because it empowers players and enhances their gaming experience. Through blockchain gaming, players can enjoy several key benefits: **1. Ownership of In-Game Assets** All items and elements within the game can be recorded on the blockchain. Whether it's scarce resources, rare items, coveted loot, or characters and avatars, any entity within the game environment can exist as encrypted assets. Typically, on existing blockchain networks, this is represented as either fungible tokens (in the form of game tokens) or non-fungible tokens (in the form of items and avatars). The core component of blockchain is providing users with ownership of the value they possess. When game elements are recorded on the blockchain, they can interact directly with players. When avatars and accounts are linked to players' wallets, they can send their collected loot and accumulated currency to their wallets, which they have earned in the game. In such a system, players can reap what they sow. They possess a variety of rare items, which will forever belong to them. Developers have no authority to revoke anything won by players, even if the game is discontinued. Players can send items to other wallets, sell them to others, and profit in the real world. The ownership of their in-game assets enables players to reap tangible rewards from their efforts and successes. **2. Provably Fair Gameplay** Misleading gameplay experiences are detrimental to players. It is a terrible experience when players deceive opponents or when games do not operate as expected. Blockchain gaming can achieve "provably fair gameplay." When the game is recorded on the blockchain, the game logic and gameplay elements are also shared. The consensus mechanism that ensures the security of the blockchain network also ensures the security of the game. This means two things for players: firstly, cheaters or anyone attempting to infringe upon players' rights will not succeed. If their actions contradict the game logic, their activities will be rejected. Secondly, the game is transparent. **3. Interoperability Across Games** What do players do when they stop playing their favorite game? They either quit or the game disappears. That is, either the community leaves or the developers cease operations. Unfortunately, apart from finding the next game and starting from scratch, there isn't much they can do. Games exist in separate and isolated universes. In the current industry, there is no continuity between different games. With blockchain, this can change. When games and game assets exist on the blockchain, they can communicate with any other environment on the same blockchain. If developers create a sequel to a game, the items from the previous game can be carried over to the second game. Avatars can be used in multiple games. Tasks or events can span across games. Most importantly, players may never have to start from scratch again. Ideally, players have a single universal avatar that they use across different games. Their virtual currency and items can be used across games. **4. Cost Reduction** The payment rate in the game development industry is low, and associated costs may exceed revenue. Without a viable revenue model, even with a certain user base, expenses such as game distribution, server maintenance, and player services may become burdensome for developers. By building games on the blockchain, all these costs can potentially be outsourced to miners or validators. Online game release and dissemination can become zero-cost activities.
**5. Enhanced Player Base** Existing and future players in blockchain games are an interesting subset of the consumer population. These players have a strong interest in their gameplay and gain more attention through gaming revenue. Blockchain games connect developers with the "superplayer" community, providing more resources and investment in the gaming aspect. Compared to traditional game competitors, both parties can build a more positive, efficient, and mutually beneficial relationship. # Development Trends in Blockchain Gaming Industry The gaming industry has gone through multiple stages of development. **1. Settlement of Game "Currency" Using Homogeneous Assets** Blockchain games utilize digital assets from blockchain systems as the settlement medium for in-game "currency" production. A typical representative of this stage is the ERC20 homogeneous asset standard of the Ethereum system. This standard is well-known in today's blockchain projects. Many projects create homogeneous assets based on the ERC20 standard of the Ethereum network. Assets based on the ERC20 protocol are easily exchangeable and compatible, allowing them to function on dApps. Asset holders have complete control over their assets and can track their circulation to any address and in any quantity. These assets can be used across different projects and platforms, and their circulation paths can be queried through blockchain browsers. In this stage, blockchain technology primarily addresses the following issues: • Transparency of in-game "currency" production and circulation • Cross-game circulation of "currency" • Diversification of "currency" exchange channels Therefore, the digital assets in this stage are homogeneous and can only express numerical values, such as points and coins, used for settling game outcomes. **2. Free Exchange of Game "Currency" and Items** Using ERC20 as an example, it can only be used to issue fungible tokens, representing various interchangeable entities. It determines whether items or quantities of similar or equivalent types can be completely interchangeable during their circulation or use. However, in real life, there are things that are unique and non-fungible (such as unique individuals, events, or objects like artifacts) that can be replaced by digital assets. Their value cannot be measured using fungible tokens. In Ethereum's improvement proposal (EIP) with the code name 721, a new "non-fungible" digital asset standard called ERC721 was introduced. The popular game CryptoKitties is an example of a non-fungible digital asset standard. Each cat is a "unique genetically composed creature" rather than a fungible currency. Each cat cannot be divided and remains a complete individual. Each cat has its own unique attributes, such as tags and prices. Expanding beyond CryptoKitties, special game items or any items with certain collectible value can correspond to an asset to indicate their identity information. Non-fungible digital assets, to some extent, are unique, indivisible, and cannot be split. In this stage, the value representation of in-game items, equipment, and player accounts can be expressed through non-fungible digital assets. All general asset circulation behaviors in the game (including but not limited to item transfers, asset circulation, item drops, and other scenarios) are ultimately settled in the form of digital assets (both fungible and non-fungible). Specific game content, such as mods, can even be issued and circulated as separate digital assets. Compared to the first stage, this stage places non-fungible items as unique identifiers in the blockchain record. The production logic of items and currency still remains in a black box, requiring alternative solutions.
3\. Execution of Key Rules on the Blockchain In this stage, the basic settings and key rules required for blockchain games will be written into blocks as contracts or other forms that facilitate public access. This ensures the fairness and transparency of game rules and output logic. For example, the probability of item appearances, encounter settings on RPG maps, treasure chest drops, and dealing rules are written into the chain, achieving open, transparent, and tamper-proof rules. This feature effectively alleviates players' concerns about cheating in game operations, increases their confidence, and attracts more players to participate in the game. The execution and verification of contracts take time. Taking the example of treasure chest refresh logic in SLG game maps, there are two possible execution approaches: • All treasure chest contents are generated in contracts when the map is loaded. • Contract execution generates contents each time a treasure chest is opened. At this stage, a considerable number of rules and data of blockchain games are executed on the chain, and user growth leads to increased network pressure. Without new breakthroughs, the technology at this stage can only be applied to games with cool-down times in turn-based battles. Decentralization and performance are contradictory, and high-performance consensus and contract virtual machines are the main tasks of the next stage. Technologies with lower latency, such as DAG, may become breakthroughs, but the ultimate solution is still some distance away. 4\. Full Integration of the Game on the Blockchain The full integration of games on the blockchain is the ultimate form of the industry. The entire logic code of the game is executed within the blockchain environment and carried and stored by a decentralized distributed network. In this scenario, the game itself is the contract, and running the game requires a trusted, efficient, and extremely low-latency integrated operating environment and lightweight user nodes. Currently, there is no definitive technical solution in the industry. The original intention of CryptoKitties was to have the entire game run on the blockchain. However, due to the throughput limitations of the Ethereum network, both data interaction and content hosting are severely restricted. Eventually, CryptoKitties chose a compromise strategy of "data interaction on the chain and game execution off the chain," which is the "execution of key rules on the chain" stage described earlier. Therefore, we believe that the combination of blockchain and gaming is an inevitable path in the future: • Players have lightweight full-node environments. • The service stack runs in the blockchain environment. • The game engine is one of the infrastructure nodes. • Provides a unified development/debugging environment including the engine, visual IDE, and chain network interaction interface. • Critical processes of contracts are witnessed and agreed upon by nearby or related nodes (such as players in the same game instance). # Advantages of Game Engine With the integration of the gaming industry and new technologies, game engines are bringing about new heights of development, propelling the industry towards immersive interactive experiences. As a virtual world parallel to the real world, game engines provide new value propositions to the gaming domain. • Stable Economic System: Game engines possess economic systems similar to the real world, safeguarding users' virtual rights. Within the metaverse, content is interconnected, and virtual assets created by users can circulate freely outside platform constraints. • Strong Virtual Identity Affirmation: In game engines, virtual identities exhibit consistency and a high degree of immersion. Users engage in virtual activities within the metaverse using customized virtual avatars, character skins, and unique traits, fostering a sense of uniqueness and immersion. • Enhanced Social Interactivity: Game engines offer a rich array of online social scenarios, facilitating social interactions among users. • Open and Creative Environment: Game engines encompass diverse possibilities and rely heavily on user-driven innovation and creation. Such a vast content ecosystem necessitates an open approach to user-generated content. • Immersive Experiences: Games, as the most interactive and information-rich form of content, serve as the primary focus and medium within game engines. Leveraging VR technology, game engines provide users with sensory-immersive experiences. The gateway between virtual and real worlds has already opened, aiming to assist users in achieving more authentic experiences. From consumer internet to industrial internet, various application scenarios have emerged. Communication and socialization have become video-based, with the rise of video conferences, live streaming, and cloud gaming. As widely known, the development trajectory of the internet from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0 signifies that game engines will undergo a similar process of discovering and validating individual and collective value created on the internet. Web 3.0 will be a crucial component of game engines, emphasizing the rediscovery of individual value as a vital core. Although game engine development is still in its early stages, gaming has already provided us a glimpse into the enticing aspects of this open and interconnected virtual world, where value sharing is paramount. With the power of gaming as a catalyst, any valuable individuals and entities will be discovered, recorded, and duly respected within future game engines. # Innovations of Green Meta "Playing for the Planet Alliance", an environmental initiative launched by the United Nations Environment Programme. Green Meta Metaverse constructs a game scenario that promotes "green action" through its game engine. Users manage different types of land that can be leased and cultivate carbon trees. Carbon trees have growth properties, allowing users to earn carbon credits. These credits can be traded, contributing to carbon neutrality. Through gameplay mechanics, Green Meta transforms the serious topic of carbon neutrality and environmental protection into a lively and engaging experience, allowing players to personally understand the importance of carbon neutrality through immersive interactions. Green Meta Metaverse utilizes twin engine technology to assist blockchain-based enterprises in establishing twins (digital representations) that help monitor the operational status of physical entities. It provides guidance on reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions, thereby ensuring zero-carbon energy security for corporate carbon neutrality efforts. In the future, to empower users further, Green Meta will provide capabilities for showcasing, sharing, trading, and secondary creations within the metaverse. Examples include: Showcase: Through VR and AR rendering, users can view more realistic game details. AR allows virtual objects to be overlaid onto the real environment, offering a mixed virtual and real experience similar to the movie "Ready Player One." Virtual l characters can be projected into real life to perform preset actions and interact with elements in the real environment. • Sharing: Users can project purchased in-game items (such as carbon-neutral and environmentally friendly products) into the real world using AR. Users can interact with virtual avatars and capture photos or videos to share within the community. They can also share their own creations in a similar manner. • Trading: Game asset holders can generate, mint, list, and trade NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) for characters, items, and other components within the game. • Secondary Creations: For example, in Green Meta, users can customize their virtual character after purchasing a virtual avatar. They can dress the virtual character with their purchased items, creating a unique virtual persona. These secondary creations will have NFT certificates of authenticity and can be traded on the marketplace. Green Meta aims to make everyone their own master, allowing individuals to freely manage their assets without being monitored, regulated, or restricted by centralized institutions. Therefore, Green Meta will build a game ecosystem based on decentralization, privacy, and fairness, ensuring security and fairness for every player while eliminating the harms of centralization. It will establish a true decentralized ecosystem and value loop, connecting the virtual and real worlds. As the metaverse drives progress in Green Meta, it will create personal environmental value.
# Artificial Intelligence (AI) {% content-ref url="/pages/GKiHQjg2xWxHFsqfIVRx" %} [Development of Artificial Intelligence](/white-paper/artificial-intelligence-ai/development-of-artificial-intelligence) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/sT0stDLWoQKqvRnoWx9D" %} [Multi-field Application of Artificial Intelligence](/white-paper/artificial-intelligence-ai/multi-field-application-of-artificial-intelligence) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/0SUxbKxlA82W21HiJJvt" %} [Green Meta Artificial Intelligence Model](/white-paper/artificial-intelligence-ai/green-meta-artificial-intelligence-model) {% endcontent-ref %} # Development of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence, commonly abbreviated as AI, refers to a new technological science that encompasses theories, methods, techniques, and application systems used to simulate, extend, and expand certain human thought processes and intelligent behaviors. In simple terms, AI is a computer technology created by humans that possesses a certain level of thinking ability and can simulate human behavior. Artificial Intelligence is a vast field of research consisting of multiple subfields, including machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, computer vision, natural language processing, and more. AI is considered the technology of the future, capable of addressing numerous challenges in fields such as robotics, medicine, logistics, transportation, finance, and providing various industrial and public services.
Computers are the primary material basis for studying AI and implementing AI technology platforms. The history of AI development is closely linked to the development of computer science and technology. In addition to computer science, AI involves multiple disciplines such as information theory, control theory, automation, bionics, biology, psychology, mathematical logic, linguistics, medicine, and philosophy. The main research areas in AI include knowledge representation, automated reasoning and search methods, machine learning and knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing systems, natural language understanding, computer vision, intelligent robotics, and automatic program design. In recent years, the field of AI has made significant breakthroughs and sparked a frenzy of research and applications worldwide. AI has permeated every aspect of human society and has become a vital cornerstone driving societal transformation. Extensive data demonstrates the promising future market prospects for AI. As the core driving force of the new industrial revolution and a strategic technology leading future development, governments around the world attach great importance to the development of the AI industry.
While achieving technological and application breakthroughs in the AI industry, the field has also received capital favor and become a burgeoning industry, entering a period of rapid progress with the synergy of capital and technology. The level of AI is built upon the foundation of machine learning, and apart from advanced algorithms and hardware computing power, big data is the key to machine learning. Big data can assist in training machines and improving their intelligence. The more abundant and comprehensive the data, the higher the accuracy of machine recognition. Therefore, big data will be the true capital for competition among enterprises. We believe that big data is the nourishment for the progress of AI and an essential foundation for constructing the AI edifice. By learning from vast amounts of data, machines' judgment and processing capabilities continue to rise, leading to the continuous improvement of their intelligence. After years of fluctuations, the AI industry has finally experienced a resurgence with the rise of machine learning. It has now formed a new round of development worldwide, with countries eagerly exploring the mysteries of human intelligence. The global AI market reached a scale of $168.39 billion in 2015. With the strengthening and increased attention to AI research and development in various sectors globally, the market size exceeded $190 billion in 2016. According to market demand, the global AI market is expected to surpass $400 billion by 2021. # Multi-field Application of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence has been applied in various fields: • Natural Language Generation: AI converts data into readable forms, enabling systems to interact with ideas with perfect accuracy. It is widely used in customer service to generate reports and drive market data. • Speech Recognition: Siri is a prime example of speech recognition, understanding human language through mobile applications and interacting with it. • Virtual Agents: Chatbots are programmed to interact with humans. • Machine Learning Platforms: The main purpose is to develop technologies that enable computers to learn. They are currently developed for prediction and serve as audience management tools. They are highly profitable in digital marketing. • AI-optimized Hardware: New graphics and processing units designed to perform AI-specific tasks. • Decision Management: Intelligent machines are designed to build new rules and logic for AI systems, set up, extend maintenance, and optimize, enabling you to run a profitable organization. • Deep Learning Platforms: Primarily used for large-scale data classification and pattern recognition. • Biometrics: This technology is used to identify and analyze human attributes and physical features related to body shape and form. • Robotic Process Automation: It utilizes scripts to mimic human processes and feeds them to robots for efficient completion. • Digital Twins: Digital twins are software that connects the space between physical systems and the digital world. • Network Defense: It serves as a firewall, detects, prevents, and provides timely support to counter threats that have not yet affected information and infrastructure. • Compliance: It is an agreement between employees and organizations to adhere to organizational standards, policies, and rules. • Knowledge Worker Augmentation: AI technology can extensively assist employees in their work, especially those engaged in knowledge-based tasks. • Peer-to-Peer Networking: When multiple systems connect and share resources without data passing through server computers. It is also used in cryptocurrency. • Content Writing: AI assists content writing by suggesting possible words suitable for sentences, such as articles, blogs, reports, and provides spell correction and grammar error detection for their online presence. • Emotion Recognition: This technology allows software to "scan" emotions on a person's face using advanced image or audio processing. Now, "microexpressions" or complex body language thoughts, as well as voice accents that reveal a person's feelings, can be captured. • Image Recognition: Image recognition is the method of identifying and distinguishing objects or features in digital images or videos, and AI is often employed on top of this technology with excellent results. • Marketing Automation: Marketing automation enables companies to increase engagement and performance, thereby accelerating revenue growth. It uses software to automate customer segmentation, data integration and campaign management, and simplifies repetitive tasks, allowing valuable minds to focus on what they do best. Furthermore, AI has successfully achieved milestones in all industries, including e-commerce, biotechnology, disease diagnosis, military, mathematics, logistics, heavy industry, finance, transportation, telecommunications, aviation, digital marketing, telephone customer service, agriculture, and gaming. # Green Meta Artificial Intelligence Model In the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) technology has permeated various fields. People have witnessed the rapid development of AI in numerous industries and experienced the convenience of intelligent systems in their daily lives. The widespread application of AI has played a crucial role in promoting low-carbon and decarbonization efforts. Green Meta's AI technology in the metaverse leverages information and communication technology infrastructure to apply it to various industries. It combines with carbon reduction technologies and specific applications in these industries, driving systematic and scalable innovations to become the core of technology-enabled carbon reduction.
• It promotes the systematic carbon reduction through information and communication technology. • It utilizes intelligent-driven blockchain to upgrade the value of enterprise products, reducing carbon emissions intensity. • It empowers near-zero-emission industries, such as autonomous driving, through intelligent technological innovation. According to data from Boston Consulting Group, AI applications are expected to reduce global carbon dioxide emissions by 2.6 to 5.3 billion metric tons by 2030, accounting for 5% to 10% of total emissions reduction. Additionally, it is estimated to create a value of $1.3 to $2.6 trillion for enterprises, with Green Meta at the forefront. Green Meta employs AI technology to empower social development, particularly in the exploration of green technology and the dual carbon field. "Carbon neutrality" is not only an inevitable choice for sustainable development but also a tremendous opportunity for industrial restructuring and growth. The top priority for enterprises in the context of carbon neutrality is to achieve the goals of energy conservation, emission reduction, quality improvement, and efficiency enhancement. Currently, various attempts made in the energy transition process have faced issues of energy loss and wastage. Therefore, empowering green computing through Green Meta becomes particularly important, enabling more efficient integration of energy. This includes carbon emission monitoring and data analysis, intelligent control optimization of units, intelligent load sensing, intelligent load forecasting, intelligent peak shaving and scheduling prediction, line fault detection and early warning, and energy-saving optimization of power systems. Furthermore, Green Meta's AI technology can empower green computing and generate significant impetus for the development of emerging industries. This includes event detection and tracking, urban resource scheduling planning in the process of green city construction, intelligent security and energy management in green parks/buildings, and coordination and control of green transportation and on-vehicle energy management.
# Comprehensive Intelligent Network Technology (Network) Green Meta adopts a cloud-based comprehensive intelligent network, which includes capabilities such as 5G/6G communication, artificial intelligence, computing power, storage, and security. The architecture encompasses a hybrid network structure of centralization, distribution, and edge computing, making it a composite of intelligent edge-cloud-network.
• The 5G network possesses characteristics of high bandwidth, low latency, wide connectivity, and high reliability. Green Meta utilizes it to achieve broadband cellular connections and drive carbon reduction. • Green Meta can be used by blockchain-enabled enterprises for real-time monitoring, management, and reduction of energy and resource consumption levels. • The operational energy consumption of Green Meta's blockchain-enabled factories is estimated to be 24% lower than comparable buildings. • Green Meta's cloud computing will accelerate the process of carbon neutrality and contribute to reducing carbon dioxide emissions. {% content-ref url="/pages/CNEiyhX2Skk5B0Xld6MN" %} [Abstract（Datagram）Network Layer](/white-paper/comprehensive-intelligent-network-technology-network/abstract-datagram-network-layer) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/d9qRZoxY2kOuUpPRNvCN" %} [Kademlia-Like Distributed Hash Tables](/white-paper/comprehensive-intelligent-network-technology-network/kademlia-like-distributed-hash-tables) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/LU216Aea98Orgv67ldKS" %} [Overlay Networks and Multicast Messages](/white-paper/comprehensive-intelligent-network-technology-network/overlay-networks-and-multicast-messages) {% endcontent-ref %} # Abstract（Datagram）Network Layer The foundation of the Green Meta network protocol is the Abstract (Datagram) Network Layer. It enables all nodes to assume certain "network identities" represented by 256-bit "abstract network addresses" and communicate using these 256-bit network addresses (by sending data packets as a first step) to identify the sender and receiver. There is no need to be concerned about IPv4 or IPv6 addresses, UDP port numbers, etc., as they are hidden by the abstract network layer. **1. Abstract Network Address** An abstract network address, or simply address, is a 256-bit integer that is essentially equivalent to a 256-bit ECC public key. This public key can be generated arbitrarily, creating as many different network identities as nodes prefer. However, the corresponding private key must be known to receive (and decrypt) messages intended for this address. In reality, the address itself is not the public key; instead, it is a 256-bit hash (Hash = sha256) of a serialized TL object, which can describe several types of public keys and addresses based on its constructor (first four bytes). In the simplest case, this serialized TL object contains only a 4-byte magic number and a 256-bit elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) public key, and in this case, the address will be the hash of this 36-byte structure. However, a 2048-bit RSA key or any other public key encryption scheme can be used. When a node knows the abstract address of another node, it also needs to receive its "preimage" (i.e., the serialized TL object whose hash equals the abstract address), otherwise, it will be unable to encrypt and send data packets to that address. **2. Underlying Network with UDP Implementation** From the perspective of almost all Green Meta networking components, the only existing network is one that can (unreliably) send data packets from one abstract address to another abstract address (the Abstract Datagram Networking Layer; ADNL). In principle, the abstract datagram networking layer (ADNL) can be implemented on different existing network technologies. However, we implement it over IPv4/IPv6 networks (such as the Internet or Intranet) using UDP, with optional TCP fallback if UDP is unavailable. **3. TCP-like Stream Protocol on ADNL** ADNL is an unreliable (small-sized) datagram protocol based on 256-bit abstract addresses and can serve as the foundation for more complex network protocols. For example, ADNL can be used as an abstract alternative to IP for building TCP-like stream protocols. However, most components of the Green Meta project do not require such stream protocols. **4. Reliable Large Datagram Protocol on RLDP or ADNL** Instead of TCP-like protocols, a reliable arbitrary-sized datagram protocol based on ADNL (referred to as RLDP) is used. For instance, this reliable datagram protocol can be used to send RPC queries to remote hosts and receive replies through them. # Kademlia-Like Distributed Hash Tables Green Meta Distributed Hash Table (DHT), similar to Kademlia, plays a crucial role in the network component of the Green Meta project, enabling the location of other nodes in the network. For instance, clients who wish to submit transactions to a shard chain may want to find the validators or collators of that shard chain, or at least a node that can relay the client's transactions to a collator. This can be achieved by searching for specific keys within the Green Meta DHT. Another important application of the Green Meta DHT is its ability to quickly populate the neighbor tables of new nodes by searching for random keys or addresses of new nodes. If a node uses proxies and tunnels for its inbound datagrams, it publishes the tunnel identifier and its entry point (e.g., IP address and UDP port) in the Green Meta DHT. Consequently, all nodes wishing to send datagrams to that node will first obtain the contact information from the DHT. The Green Meta DHT is a member of a series of distributed hash tables similar to Kademlia. **1. Overlay Network** An overlay (sub)network is a simple network within a large-scale network. Typically, only a subset of nodes in a larger network participates in the overlay subnet, and these nodes (physical or virtual) are connected through a limited number of "links" that are part of the overlay subnet. In this manner, if the encompassing network is represented as a graph (in the case of datagram networks, a complete graph can be used, such as ADNL), any node can easily communicate with any other node. The overlay network is a subgraph of this graph. In most cases, overlay networks are constructed using protocols based on the larger network. It can either use the same addresses as the larger network or employ custom addresses. **2. DHT Values** The key-value mappings of the Green Meta DHT are stored on the nodes of the DHT, essentially all members of the Green Meta network. For this purpose, any node in the Green Meta network, except for some very lightweight nodes, possesses at least one "semi-permanent address" that identifies it as a member of the Green Meta DHT, in addition to any number of transient and permanent abstract addresses described earlier. This semi-permanent address or DHT address should not change frequently; otherwise, other nodes would be unable to locate the keys they are looking for. If a node does not wish to expose its "real" identity, it generates a separate abstract address solely for participating in the DHT. However, this abstract address must be public as it is associated with the node's IP address and port. **3. Kademlia Distance** We now have 256-bit keys and 256-bit (semi-permanent) node addresses. We introduce the XOR distance or Kademlia distance dK on the set of 256-bit sequences, defined by the following equation:
Here, x⊕y denotes the bitwise XOR of two bit sequences of the same length. The Kademlia distance introduces a metric on the set of all 256-bit sequences, 2^256. Specifically, dK(x, y) = 0 if and only if x = y, dK(x, y) = dK(y, x), and dK(x, z) ≤ dK(x, y) + dK(y, z). Another important property is that there is only one point at any given distance from x: dK(x, y) = dK(x, y′) implies y = y′. **4. Kademlia Routing Table** Each node participating in the Kademlia-like DHT typically maintains a Kademlia routing table. In the case of the Green Meta DHT, it consists of n = 256 buckets numbered from 0 to n-1. The ith bucket will contain information about some known nodes (a fixed number of "good" nodes, possibly with some additional candidates) at Kademlia distances between 2i and 2i+1 − 1 from the node's address. This information includes their (semi-permanent) addresses, IP addresses and UDP ports, and some availability information such as the time and delay since the last ping. When a Kademlia node learns about any other Kademlia node as a result of some query, it includes it in the appropriate bucket of its routing table, initially as a candidate. Then, if some "good" nodes in that bucket fail (e.g., do not respond to ping queries for a long time), they can be replaced by some candidates. In this manner, the Kademlia routing table remains populated. **5. Kademlia Network Queries** Kademlia nodes typically support the following network queries: • Ping: Checks the availability of a node. • Store(key, value): Requests a node to store the value as the value for the key. For the Green Meta DHT, the store query is slightly more complex. • Find\_Node(key, l): Requests a node to return the l Kademlia closest known nodes (from its Kademlia routing table) to the key. • Find\_Value(key, l): Same as above, but returns only the value if the node knows the value corresponding to the key. When any node wants to find the value of a key K, it first creates a set S of s' nodes, where s' is a small value like s' = 5, that are closest to K in terms of Kademlia distance among all known nodes (coming from the Kademlia routing table). It then sends a FindValue query to each of them, and any mentioned nodes in their responses are included in S. If not done previously, the s' nodes from S (closest to K) are also sent FindValue queries, and this process continues until a value is found or the set S stops growing. This is a "beam search" on nodes closest to Kademlia distance to K. For setting the value of a certain key K, the same process is run for s' ≥ s using FindNode queries instead of FindValue to find the nodes closest to K. Subsequently, Store queries are sent to all these nodes. There are some less important details in the implementation of a Kademlia-like DHT (e.g., every node should look for closest nodes, e.g., every hour, and republish all stored keys via Store queries). We will ignore them for now. 6\. Bootstrapping Kademlia Nodes When a Kademlia node comes online, it initially populates its Kademlia routing table by finding its own address. During this process, it identifies the nodes that are closest to itself. It can download all known (key, value) pairs from them to populate a portion of its DHT. # Overlay Networks and Multicast Messages In multi-blockchain systems like Green Meta, even full nodes are typically interested in receiving updates (i.e., new blocks) only for certain shard chains. To achieve this, a special cover (sub)network is established within the Green Meta network, with one per shard chain, built on top of the ADNL protocol. Therefore, it is necessary to construct an arbitrary cover subnet that is open to any willing participant node. The special gossip protocol based on ADNL operates within these Overlay Networks, specifically for broadcasting arbitrary data within the subnet. **1. Overlay Networks** Overlay (sub)networks are simple networks within large-scale networks. Typically, only a subset of nodes in a larger network participates in the overlay subnet, and these nodes (physical or virtual) are connected through a limited number of "links" that are part of the overlay subnet. In this manner, if the encompassing network is represented as a graph (in the case of datagram networks, a complete graph can be used, such as ADNL), any node can easily communicate with any other node. The overlay network is a subgraph of this graph. In most cases, overlay networks are constructed using protocols based on the larger network. It can either use the same addresses as the larger network or employ custom addresses.
**2. Overlay Networks in Green Meta** Overlay Networks in Green Meta are built on top of the ADNL protocol and use 256-bit ADNL abstract addresses as addresses within the overlay network. Each node typically chooses one of its abstract addresses to double as its address within the Overlay Network. Unlike ADNL, Green Meta Overlay Networks generally do not support sending datagrams to arbitrary other nodes. Instead, they establish some "semipermanent links" (referred to as "neighbors" in the context of the overlay network under consideration) between certain nodes, and messages are usually forwarded along these links (i.e., from a node to one of its neighbors). In this way, the Overlay Network in Green Meta is a (usually non-full) subgraph within the (complete) graph of the ADNL network. Dedicated peer ADNL channels can be used to establish links with neighbors in the overlay network. Each node in the Overlay Network maintains a neighbor list (relevant to the overlay network) containing their abstract addresses (used to identify them within the overlay network) and some link data (e.g., ADNL channel for communication with them). **3. Private and Public Overlay Networks** Some Overlay Networks are public, meaning any node can join them freely. Others are private, allowing only certain nodes to be admitted (e.g., nodes that can prove their identity as validators). Some private Overlay Networks may even be known to the general public, but information about this Overlay Network is only available to trusted nodes. For example, it may be encrypted with public key cryptography, and only nodes with the corresponding private key can decrypt this information. **4. Centrally Controlled Overlay Networks** Some Overlay Networks are centrally controlled by one or more centralized authorities or a set of well-known public keys' owners. Others are decentralized, meaning there is no specific node responsible for them. **5. Joining Overlay Networks** When a node wants to join an Overlay Network, it first needs to know its 256-bit network identifier, typically equal to the sha256 of the Overlay Network description - a TL-serialized object that may include, for example, the central authority (i.e., its public key, possibly an abstract address) for the Overlay Network it is related to, the string representing the Overlay Network's name if it's associated with Green Meta blockchain shard identifiers, and so on. Sometimes the Overlay Network description can be recovered from the network identifier by performing a lookup in the Green Meta DHT. In other cases (e.g., for private Overlay Networks), the network identifier must be obtained. **6. Finding a Member of an Overlay Network** Once a node knows the network identifier and description of the Overlay Network it wants to join, it needs to find at least one node that belongs to that network. This is also required for nodes that don't want to join the Overlay Network but only communicate with it; for example, there may be an Overlay Network dedicated to collecting and propagating specific shard chain transaction candidates, and a client may want to connect to any node in that network to propose transactions. The method for locating members of an Overlay Network is defined in the network's description. Sometimes (especially for private networks), it must be already known which member nodes can be joined. In other cases, some nodes' abstract addresses are included in the network description. A more flexible approach is to indicate only the central authority responsible for the network in the network description and then obtain abstract addresses by the value of certain DHT keys signed by that central authority. Finally, truly decentralized public Overlay Networks can utilize a "distributed flow tracker" mechanism, which can also be implemented with the help of the Green Meta DHT. **7. Finding More Members of an Overlay Network** Creating links. Once a node finds one node belonging to the Overlay Network, it can send a special query to that node, requesting a list of other members, such as the queried node's neighbors or their random selection. This allows joining members to populate their "adjacency" or "neighbor list" about the Overlay Network by selecting some newly discovered network nodes and establishing links to them (i.e., using dedicated ADNL point-to-point channels as outlined). Afterwards, a special message is sent to all neighbors indicating that the new member is ready to work within the Overlay Network. The neighbors include the links to the new member in their neighbor list. **8. Maintaining the Neighbor List** Overlay Network nodes must periodically update their neighbor lists. Some neighbors, or at least their links (channels), may become unresponsive, and in such cases, these links need to be marked as "suspended." Attempts must be made to reconnect to such neighbors, and if these attempts fail, the links must be destroyed. On the other hand, each node sometimes requests its neighbor list (or their random selection) from randomly chosen neighbors and utilizes it to partially update its own neighbor list by adding some newly discovered nodes and removing some old ones, whether randomly or depending on their response time and datagram loss statistics. **9. Overlay Network as a Random Subgraph** The Overlay Network is a random subgraph within the ADNL network. If the degree of each point is at least 3 (if each node is connected to at least three neighbors), it is known that the random graph is connected with a probability close to 1. More precisely, the probability of a disconnected random graph with n vertices is exponentially small, and if n ≥ 20, this probability can be completely ignored. (Of course, this does not apply to the case of global network partitioning when nodes from different shards have no opportunity to get to know each other.) On the other hand, if n is less than 20, requiring each vertex to have, for example, at least ten neighbors is sufficient. **10. Green Meta Reduces Latency** Green Meta Overlay Networks optimize the "random" network graph generated by previous methods. Each node attempts to retain at least three neighbors with the minimum round-trip time and rarely changes this "fast neighbors" list. At the same time, it also keeps at least three fully random "slow neighbors," ensuring that the Overlay Network graph always contains a random subgraph. This is necessary to maintain connectivity and prevent the Overlay Network from splitting into several disjoint subnet regions. It also selects and retains at least three "intermediate neighbors" with intermediate round-trip times, bounded by a certain constant (actually a function of the round-trip times of fast and slow neighbors). In this way, the graph of the Overlay Network is still optimized for lower latency and higher throughput while maintaining sufficiently good connectivity. **11. Gossip Protocol in Overlay Networks** Overlay Networks are commonly used to run one of the gossip protocols, which achieve certain global objectives while allowing each node to interact only with its neighbors. For example, there are gossip protocols that can construct an approximate list of all members in a (not too large) cover network or compute an estimate of the number of members in an (arbitrarily large) cover network using only a quantized amount of storage per node. **12. Overlaying the Network as Broadcast Domain** The most important gossip protocol running in Overlay Networks is the broadcast protocol, which aims to propagate broadcast messages generated by any node in the network or possibly by one of the specified sender nodes to all other nodes. There are actually several broadcast protocols optimized for different use cases. The simplest relays newly received broadcast messages to all neighbors that have not yet sent a copy of the message themselves. **13. More Complex Broadcast Protocols** Some applications may require more complex broadcast protocols. For example, for broadcast messages of large size, it makes sense to send the hash of the message (or a set of hashes of new messages) to neighbors instead of sending the newly received messages themselves. After knowing the hashes of previously unseen messages, neighbors can request the messages themselves, for example, using a reliable large datagram protocol (RLDP) for transmission. This way, new messages are downloaded from only one neighbor. **14. Checking Connectivity of Overlay Networks** If there are known nodes that must be present in the cover network, such as the "owner" or "creator" of the cover network, the connectivity of the cover network can be checked. Then, the discussed node periodically broadcasts short messages containing the current time, a sequence number, and its signature. Any other node can determine that it is still connected to the cover network if it recently received such a broadcast. This protocol can be extended to the case of several well-known nodes; for example, they all will send such broadcasts, and all other nodes will expect to receive broadcasts from more than half of the well-known nodes. In the case of a cover network used for propagating new blocks (or just block headers) of a specific shard chain, a good way to check connectivity for nodes is to track the most recent blocks received so far. Since blocks are typically generated every five seconds, if no new block has been received for more than 30 seconds, the node may have become disconnected from the cover network. **15. Streaming Broadcast Protocol** Finally, there is a streaming broadcast protocol for Green Meta Overlay Networks, for example, used to predict block candidates among validators in certain shard chains ("shard chain task groups") and, of course, to create a private cover network for this purpose. The same protocol can be used to propagate new shard chain blocks to all full nodes of that shard chain. The protocol overview: a new (large) broadcast message is split into, for example, N blocks of one thousand bytes each; these blocks are increased to a sequence of M ≥ N blocks using erasure codes such as Reed-Solomon or fountain codes (e.g., RaptorQ codes), and these M blocks are streamed to all neighbor nodes in ascending order. Participating nodes collect these blocks until they can reconstruct the original large message (which requires successfully receiving at least N blocks), then they instruct their neighbors to stop sending new blocks of the stream since these nodes can now generate subsequent blocks themselves, having a copy of the original message. These nodes continue to generate subsequent blocks of the stream and send them to their neighbors unless the neighbors indicate they no longer need them. In this way, nodes do not need to fully download the large message before further propagation, minimizing broadcast latency. **16. Building New Overlay Networks Based on Existing Ones** Sometimes it is not desired to build a cover network from scratch. Instead, one or more previously existing Overlay Networks are known, and it is expected that the membership of the new cover network significantly overlaps with the combined membership of these Overlay Networks. An important example arises when a Green Meta shard chain is split into two, or two sibling shard chains are merged into one. In the first case, a cover network for propagating new blocks to full nodes must be built for each new sub-chain; however, it can be expected that each of these new Overlay Networks includes members that are already part of the block propagation network of the original shard chain (including approximately half of its members). In the second case, the cover network for propagating new blocks of the merged shard chain will approximately include the union of members from the two Overlay Networks associated with the merged sibling chains. In this case, the description of the new cover network can include explicit or implicit references to the relevant existing Overlay Networks. Nodes wishing to join the new cover network can check if they are already a member of any of these existing networks and query their neighbors in those networks if they are also interested in the new network. In case of affirmative replies, new point-to-point channels can be established with those neighbors, and they can be included in the neighbor lists of the new cover network. This mechanism does not entirely replace the general mechanism; instead, they both run in parallel to populate neighbor lists. This is done to prevent inadvertently splitting the new cover network into several disconnected subnets. **17. Overlay Networks within Overlay Networks** Another interesting case is the implementation of Green Meta Payments (i.e., the "lightning network") for instant off-chain value transfers. In this case, a cover network containing all transit nodes of the lightning network is first built. However, some of these nodes have established payment channels in the blockchain, and besides any "random" neighbors chosen by the general cover network algorithm, they must always be neighbors within that cover network. The "permanent links" to these neighbors with established payment channels are used to operate specific lightning network protocols, effectively creating a cover subnet (not necessarily connected if problems occur) within the encompassing(most-commonly-connected)cover-network. # Internet of Things Technology {% content-ref url="/pages/k4As6m6mEbN1aKNVRt4c" %} [Overview of Internet of Things Technology](/white-paper/internet-of-things-technology/overview-of-internet-of-things-technology) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/UY2qNvP02SO69f0U5O3b" %} [Core Value Applications](/white-paper/internet-of-things-technology/core-value-applications) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/JsQy5vX270doBZaddh9s" %} [Green Meta Internet of Things Architecture](/white-paper/internet-of-things-technology/green-meta-internet-of-things-architecture) {% endcontent-ref %} # Overview of Internet of Things Technology The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) emerged as a vague idea in the late 20th century and can be traced back to the late 1990s. In his book "The Road Ahead" published in 1995, Bill Gates mentioned the idea of interconnected objects, but it did not receive much attention at that time due to limitations in wireless networks, hardware, and sensor device development. The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) can be roughly traced back to the concept proposed by the MIT AutoID Center in 1999. The idea is to construct a network that covers everything in the world, utilizing information sensing devices such as barcodes, radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensors, global positioning systems, and laser scanners, and connecting any object to the Internet through wireless data communication and other technologies. This network facilitates information exchange and communication between people, people and things, and things themselves, enabling comprehensive acquisition of various information from the real world. Its functionalities include automated and intelligent identification, localization, tracking, monitoring, and management.
In 2005, at the World Summit on the Information Society held in Tunisia, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) officially introduced the concept of the "Internet of Things" in its publication "ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things." The report emphasized the role of innovation in the development of IoT technology. In 2009, IBM proposed the concept of a "Smart Planet," sparking a global research frenzy in the field of IoT and leading multiple countries to prioritize IoT technology in their information development strategies. Initiatives such as "Sense China" in China, the U-Japan plan in Japan, the U-Korea plan in South Korea, as well as deployments in Australia, Singapore, France, Germany, and other developed countries have accelerated the deployment of next-generation intelligent network infrastructure. The concept of the Internet of Things was first proposed in 1999. At that time, based on the Internet, RFID technology, and EPC standards, a physical Internet of real-time information sharing of global objects was constructed using technologies such as radio frequency identification and wireless data communication. It was referred to as the "Internet of Things" or IoT for short. The Internet of Things, or "The Internet of things," refers to an "internet of things at the object level" or an "internet with the participation of objects." It represents the extension, expansion, and integration of the traditional internet, denoted by the symbol "+." It encompasses three revolutionary changes based on the internet: • Internet + Things: The extension of the user end of the internet to objects. The most significant change is the enhanced "interconnection of all things," transforming the ways of interaction between people, people and things, and things themselves, facilitating information exchange and communication. • The integration of the internet itself with different forms of networks, such as telecommunications networks (especially mobile communication networks), broadcasting and television networks, and sensor networks. The key change is the fusion of information transmission networks with information perception networks. • The application of internet thinking to various traditional industries, expanding and driving the evolution of economic forms. By utilizing information and communication technologies and internet platforms, the optimization and integration of social resource allocation are achieved. The innovative achievements of the internet are deeply integrated with traditional industries, creating new development models, enhancing overall innovation and productivity in society, and forming a new form of economic development based on the internet as infrastructure and an implementation tool. The goal of the Internet of Things is to seamlessly integrate the virtual space with the real world, enabling the connection and control of real-world objects through the "information" provided by the virtual space. It aims to achieve the convergence of heterogeneous. # Core Value Applications The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the integration of multiple elements, including people and objects, under the "6A" principles of anytime, anywhere, any path/network, any service/business, anything/device, and anyone. This integration is achieved through the "6C" principles of convergence, content, collections, computing, communication, and connectivity. It forms an organically interconnected system centered around intelligence, enhancing interaction and communication among people, objects, and the environment. Through the interconnection of everything, data is freely shared, and value is distributed on-demand, leading to more convenient information communication, higher work efficiency, lower operating costs, increased creative labor, and enhanced living experiences. **1. Convergence** One of the most important concepts, the IoT is a comprehensive "Internet+" approach that extends and expands the traditional internet, telecommunications networks, broadcasting and television networks, and sensor networks. It tightly connects people and objects, forming a vast and boundless intelligent space. It also involves the integration of multidisciplinary scientific and technological fields, including information perception, communication, intelligent information processing, and information application. Convergence is achieved through device integration, network integration, platform integration, and technological integration, enabling service, business, and market integration. **2. Ubiquity** The development of the IoT results in a network that covers everything in the world, characterized by its ubiquity and all-encompassing nature under the "6A" principles. Through seamless communication, it facilitates on-demand information acquisition, transmission, processing, and application among people, people and things, and things themselves. This is the ubiquity of the IoT. Based on its ubiquitous nature, it can be referred to as the Ubiquitous Network. **3. Innovation** The IoT represents three revolutionary changes built upon the foundation of the traditional internet. These changes, combined with the continuous innovation in intelligent information acquisition, processing, and the emergence of countless IoT applications, form the solid cornerstone of IoT. The core concepts of the IoT lie in intelligence and innovation, making it the "third wave of information technology" in the world. Due to its "ICT genes," ubiquitous nature, and intelligent capabilities, the IoT has a wide range of applications in various civilian and military fields, including smart transportation, intelligent logistics, smart homes, smart grids, smart agriculture, urban management, smart energy, smart healthcare, smart buildings, smart manufacturing, environmental monitoring, disaster prevention and mitigation, healthcare, security, industrial monitoring, national defense, and military applications. # Green Meta Internet of Things Architecture According to data released by the World Economic Forum, the combination of the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, and artificial intelligence (AI) can help reduce global carbon dioxide emissions by 15%. • Green Meta, the metaverse, interacts with your real-world data, generating a twin world. In the metaverse, the IoT is leveraged to support carbon reduction. For example, in the metaverse, you can manage your smart air conditioner equipped with IoT chips, which automatically adjusts the temperature based on room conditions, resulting in up to 70% carbon emission savings. • Green Meta combines the IoT with blockchain to provide supporting infrastructure for monitoring and supervising carbon reduction efforts on the regulatory side. This includes carbon trading to ensure the effectiveness and transparency of carbon information disclosure. Green Meta possesses a complete IoT system architecture, which is a set of components and their interconnections within a system or network. The IoT architecture consists of the perception layer, network layer, and application layer, each fulfilling functions such as intelligent perception, access and transmission, processing and decision-making. It is based on intelligent perception of the physical environment to achieve intelligent control of target objects, such as carbon emissions.
**1. Perception Layer** The perception layer of Green Meta IoT primarily focuses on information collection, transformation, and gathering, as well as executing certain commands. Perception layer comprises sensor devices and controller devices responsible for carbon emission data collection, conversion, and control. Short-range transmission networks send data collected by sensor devices to gateways or transmit control commands from application platforms to controller devices. Sensor devices include barcode and RFID readers/writers, cameras, GPS, various sensors, terminals, sensor networks, and various terminal devices with information perception and collection capabilities, as well as actuator devices. **2. Network Layer** The network layer of Green Meta IoT includes the core network (the core backbone network) and various access networks. The network layer transmits the information obtained from the perception layer to the processing center and users. The core network of Green Meta IoT is a grid-like network that integrates telecommunications networks and broadcasting and television networks on top of the existing internet infrastructure. It is a service-oriented, plug-and-play network and serves as the main channel and core of information transmission within the IoT, acting as the "information highway." Access networks include mobile 5G networks, digital clusters, wireless metropolitan area networks, etc., responsible for aggregating the information from the perception layer and transmitting it to the backbone network. Through access networks, the perception layer can transmit information to users, and instructions from users on the backbone network can also be transmitted to perception layer nodes. **3. Application Layer** The application layer of Green Meta IoT primarily analyzes, processes, and makes decisions based on the information. It completes the intelligent evolution from information to knowledge and control, enabling problem-solving capabilities and accomplishing specific intelligent applications and service tasks. It consists of business support platforms and various business application systems. Business support platforms typically exist in the form of middleware, divided into management planes and computing service planes. The former is responsible for management, while the latter handles computation and processing. The intelligence of Green Meta IoT lies in the intelligent processing and decision control of information by the business support platform, known as intelligent information processing. The specific business application systems are determined by the actual application domains, such as carbon emissions and environmental monitoring. The application layer includes data processing, middleware, cloud computing, business support systems, management systems, security services, and other application support systems (carbon neutrality, carbon emission public platforms), as well as application systems built on these public platforms. # Governance Mechanism Related to DAO Organization {% content-ref url="/pages/CmFhqFKha8pDanS8TZmg" %} [Decentralized Community Autonomy - DAO](/white-paper/governance-mechanism-related-to-dao-organization/decentralized-community-autonomy-dao) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/lwd07HnOyQ5M04m8ErMi" %} [Green Meta DAO](/white-paper/governance-mechanism-related-to-dao-organization/green-meta-dao) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/8aNMSFTSCRi6rVKBl52i" %} [Green Meta DAO Governance Structure](/white-paper/governance-mechanism-related-to-dao-organization/green-meta-dao-governance-structure) {% endcontent-ref %} {% content-ref url="/pages/anG654U5Ght0xLIpCNUM" %} [Core advantages](/white-paper/governance-mechanism-related-to-dao-organization/core-advantages) {% endcontent-ref %} # Decentralized Community Autonomy - DAO DAO, short for Decentralized Autonomous Organization, is a new form of human organizational collaboration based on the core principles of blockchain (the spontaneous creation of collaborative behaviors such as creation, construction, governance, and sharing by a group that reaches consensus). It is a derivative of the blockchain's solution to the trust problem between individuals. DAO is an organizational form in which the management and operational rules of an organization are encoded in smart contracts on the blockchain, enabling autonomous operation without centralized control or third-party intervention. DAO is expected to become an effective new form of organization to deal with uncertain, diverse, and complex environments. Unlike traditional organizational phenomena, DAO is not limited by the physical space of the real world. It is characterized by openness, autonomous interaction, decentralized control, complexity, diversity, and emergence. Its evolution is driven by events or objectives, rapidly forming, spreading, and highly interactive, and automatically dissolving with the disappearance of goals. Previously, the Internet empowered large-scale coordination of human resources, and now DAO tools based on Web3 help us design and manage incentive measures to maintain "positive-sum" relationships among stakeholders. With the continuous development of products and communities, it ensures that stakeholders always share a consistent vision and goals. DAO has distinct advantages and core features, including: **1. Distributed and Decentralized** DAO does not have central nodes or hierarchical management structures. It achieves organizational goals through interaction, competition, and collaboration among network nodes from the bottom up. Therefore, in DAO, the business transactions between nodes, as well as between nodes and the organization, are not determined by administrative affiliations but follow the principles of equality, voluntarism, reciprocity, and mutual benefit, driven by resource endowments, complementary advantages, and win-win outcomes. Each organizational node collaborates effectively based on its resource advantages and qualifications, under the incentive mechanism of tokens, resulting in strong synergistic effects. **2. Autonomous and Automated** In an ideal DAO state, management is code-based, programmatic, and automated. "Code is law." The organization is no longer a pyramid but a distributed network. Power is decentralized rather than centralized. Management is not based on hierarchical systems but community self-governance. The organization's operation no longer requires a company but is replaced by highly autonomous communities. Additionally, because DAO operates based on jointly determined operational standards and collaborative models among stakeholders, consensus and trust within the organization are easier to achieve, minimizing trust costs, communication costs, and transaction costs. **3. Organized and Ordered** DAO operates with transparent rules governing its operations, the responsibilities and rights of participants, and mechanisms for rewards and penalties, all of which are publicly accessible. Furthermore, through a series of efficient self-governance principles, the interests of relevant participants are accurately differentiated and reduced. Individuals who contribute labor, make contributions, and bear responsibilities are matched with corresponding rights and benefits, promoting division of labor, equity in rights, responsibilities, and interests, and making the organization operate more coherently and orderly. **4. Intelligence and Tokenization** DAO is supported by underlying infrastructure that encompasses internet protocols, blockchain technology, artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things. It achieves intelligent management of organizations through digitalization, intelligence, and on-chain/off-chain collaborative governance, changing traditional hierarchical and manual management methods, and realizing the efficient functioning and value circulation of organizations. Tokens play an important role in the governance process of DAO. They digitalize and tokenize various elements within the organization, such as individuals, organizations, knowledge, events, and products, integrating monetary capital, human capital, and other factor capital, thereby better stimulating organizational efficiency and value realization. DAO frameworks are sets of smart contracts and data interfaces that allow users to launch and operate on-chain organizations with just a few clicks of the mouse. They provide a range of "out-of-the-box" core functionalities such as fund management, membership management, and voting capabilities. With the assistance of these frameworks, DAO creators can configure parameters themselves, such as the length of voting periods, the required majority for proposal approval, and the existing number of members and their stakes. Here are some examples of frameworks and the DAOs that use them: • DAOStack (dxDAO, dOrg) • Colony (ShapeShift) • Aragon (BrightID, PieDAO) • Moloch (LAO, MetaCartel) Since the demands and visions of DAOs vary, there is no universal governance solution. Early DAOs had to adapt to template frameworks due to limited options, rather than flexibly combining various tools to suit their specific needs. Although new toolkits are emerging, their compatibility with existing frameworks is limited. Therefore, communities either tolerate the inconvenience or make efforts to coordinate and migrate to new systems. Considering these limitations, the goal of the next generation of DAO frameworks (including updated versions of early frameworks) is to focus on enhancing modularity, flexibility, and scalability of tools. In the future, we will see more people actively participating in multiple DAOs, utilizing their skills and expertise to handle the matters they care about. For example, a strategic technologist in a DeFi protocol can leverage her skills to predict the value of portfolios in an NFT collector's DAO and provide funding to entry-level creators through a DAO. New governance models will be provided for the metaverse, allowing users to transfer their virtual identities and reputations to different applications to showcase the value they create throughout the ecosystem. # Green Meta DAO Green Meta aims to create a transparent, intuitive, and wise governance framework that ensures a carbon-neutral metaverse DAO network not controlled by any individual or entity, rewarding actions aligned with the greater interests of the community. Green Meta is tirelessly searching for the necessary rules and mechanisms to create an unprecedented yet crucial governance system—the Green Meta DAO. Under the governance of the DAO, Green Meta will achieve full decentralization and high consensus within the Web3.0 community. The newly launched decentralized autonomous organization initiated by Green Meta belongs to the specialized category of DAO, with a strong community consensus and 100% community self-management. After the project goes live, the community will vote to develop its own decentralized applications and DApps. The value circulation and incentive mechanisms will be based on the CCM token, which serves as proof of value circulation and motivation. Smart contracts will determine the member collaboration relationships and benefit distribution models. There are no explicit identity distinctions among members, such as investors, developers, collaborators, operators, consumers, etc. Instead, they become part of the community by holding CCM tokens. Members can continuously optimize the contract structure to seek the shortest path, maintain efficient collaborative capabilities, and identify better development directions. Within the community, all holders of CCM tokens have the right to participate in the Green Meta DAO. Following the principle of "one token, one vote," all community members collaborate to build a scientific governance system that achieves goal-oriented, process-driven, and outcome-focused DAO governance. Different users may have different voting weights. Exchange addresses are not eligible to vote. CCM token holders can engage in discussions related to the development of Green Meta DAO, such as community development matters, proposals regarding token economics, important model parameters of Green Meta, collaborations and partnerships, marketing activities, communication, and other marketing strategy-related issues. In the community, all holders of CCM tokens have the right to participate in Green Meta DAO. Following the fundamental principle of "one token, one vote," all community members collaborate to establish a robust governance system that achieves goal-oriented, process-driven, and results-oriented DAO governance. Different users may have varying voting weights. Exchange addresses are not eligible to participate in voting. CCM token holders can engage in the following discussions that benefit the development of Green Meta DAO: • Community development matters • Proposals regarding token economics • Key model parameters of Green Meta • Collaborations and partnerships for Green Meta • Marketing activities • Communication and collaboration initiatives • Other matters related to marketing strategies # Green Meta DAO Governance Structure We will establish the Green Meta DAO Management Committee, responsible for driving various affairs of the DAO. Committee members not only contribute to the development of Green Meta but also have the opportunity to earn additional profit rewards through the implementation of proposals. The management committee consists of four parties: core members, committee members, virtual asset holders, and DAO-decentralized identity holders, jointly governing the community. Any holder of Green Meta-related assets can initiate proposals and vote. In the Green Meta DAO decision-making system, decisions are made through agreement and disagreement, with the majority prevailing. Anyone can submit a DAO application + public vote. This ensures direct and efficient community decision-making. The proposal directions include ecological marketing, technical iterations, audits, airdrops, funding, DAOVault management, and other matters. **1. Member Categories** • Core Members: Green Meta core initiators, technical contributors, etc. • Committee Members: Early supporters who funded Green Meta can become one of the committee members. Limited to 20 members. • Virtual Asset Holders: Holders of CCM tokens reaching a certain quantity and eligible to be one of the proposers. • DAO-Decentralized Identity Holders: Holders of DAO-decentralized identity who hold CCM tokens and contribute to the community, deciding through voting whether they can become proposers. **2. Voting** • Users holding CCM tokens can obtain governance voting rights through staking. • Users holding newly listed or upcoming projects' tokens can obtain voting rights through staking. • Users holding DAO-decentralized identity can obtain voting rights. Green Meta DAO is still in its early stages, and community members are not yet familiar with the DAO governance mechanisms. Therefore, Green Meta adopts the DAO principle of "governance to earn" in the initial stage to encourage and attract more users to actively participate in DAO governance. To participate in DAO governance, players need to stake a certain amount of CCM tokens to obtain voting rights. In return, users can receive rewards during the voting and proposal processes. • Users staking a certain amount of CCM tokens have the right to initiate proposals. If a majority of staking users agree, the proposal will officially enter the DAO governance stage. • Each user can contribute a certain amount of CCM tokens per vote, with no upper limit. Green Meta assigns voting weights accordingly, with the proposal having the highest voting weight prevailing. • After each round of DAO governance, the CCM tokens consumed by the successful proposal with the highest voting weight will be returned to users who voted in favor. The CCM tokens consumed by failed proposals will be fairly distributed among users who participated in successful proposals based on voting weights. • All participating users can receive a certain amount of CCM token staking rewards.
The parliamentary voting method is adopted to protect DAO members and community nodes. Any community member can act as a proposer. As a voluntary, self-organized, self-governed blockchain community, Green Meta DAO is not a company or entity owned by a few founders and investors, but a borderless organization owned by those who contribute to it. Ownership, power, and control are held by all community members. Everyone can make a contribution regardless of their abilities and experience. Each community member dedicated to development and the shared mission is equal. Community members are welcome to initiate proposals, participate in discussions, and vote on the following platforms. # Core advantages Green Meta DAO, as a decentralized autonomous organization, is a technical tool written in code and running on the blockchain. It is also a novel governance institution that achieves openness, fairness, non-interference, and autonomous operation without a legal entity. **1. Maximizing Resource Utilization** Green Meta DAO stores all content in a decentralized storage network, ensuring transparency and immutability. Anyone can review rule changes and schedule resources without the need for time-consuming reviews. **2. Facilitating Innovative Development** Within Green Meta DAO, individuals can freely express their opinions on the blockchain, allowing others to see and engage with them. Users can conveniently and promptly participate in Green Meta's development matters, driving project innovation and growth. **3. Enhancing Result Trustworthiness** The use of distributed ledgers in Green Meta DAO ensures that each vote is transparently recorded on the blockchain, eliminating the need for manual vote counting and ensuring immediate trustworthiness. **4. Transparency and Accessibility** Transparency is a critical component of good governance as it helps build trust in Green Meta DAO. Without genuine transparency in open discussions, voting, and funding, the platform may face oligopolistic politics or systemic fraud. In the governance of Green Meta DAO, this includes binding discussions and statements to specific individual wallet addresses for tracking. Furthermore, it involves thorough discussions and communication of all activities conducted by the Green Meta DAO community and its leaders. The demand for transparency will increase as Green Meta grows. In the early stages, core Green Meta community members can act while not excluding anyone, and although the forum is open, not every address can be traced. Establishing transparent forums and communication channels becomes crucial as the number of members grows to 50-100. Moreover, one of the biggest advantages in Green Meta DAO is the ease of access. Many people are unfamiliar with purchasing cryptocurrencies or setting up wallets, let alone browsing governance forums, snapshot voting, and on-chain governance. Additionally, many communities have token requirements for creating proposals. Furthermore, the gas cost for on-chain voting in Green Meta DAO is very low. **5. Continuous Revenue and Value Creation** As a decentralized autonomous community with years of experience in the blockchain field, Green Meta DAO leads the industry in continuous innovation and development. Participants in the DAO will be the owners and managers of the entire Green Meta network ecosystem. The DAO calculates ownership based on participants' ownership of CCM tokens and distributes decision-making power proportionally. Token ownership represents voting rights within the DAO. Green Meta DAO encodes its management and operational rules in smart contracts on the blockchain, ensuring fairness and quickly gaining popularity and consensus. All community members can vote to decide how Green Meta DAO operates and contribute to the platform's empowerment through incentivization mechanisms. # Development Plan > **Phase 1: Green Meta DAO Organization - Interactions** Keywords of this phase: DID, NFT, DAO Through Distributed Identifier (DID) technology, you gain access to the highly secure identification and verification system of Green Meta Metaverse DAO Organization. You acquire a unique digital persona and NFTs, including Green Meta Trees, Land, etc. This grants you credentials such as carbon energy, carbon index, carbon points, carbon rights, enabling deep interactions and fusion between you and NFTs, you and credentials, you and the DAO organization, you and carbon-neutral environmental concepts, interactions among credentials, and the intersection of carbon-neutral initiatives and the metaverse. These interactions bring forth a new dimension to the Green Meta DAO Organization, establishing a solid foundation for the advanced Phase 2. **1. DID Identity Identification** DID: Decentralized Identifier, a new globally unique identifier used for individuals, vehicles, animals, and all things. It can be associated with files describing the target object through a DID URL. Quantifiable Data Characteristics DID possesses various parameters of an identity card, allowing you to manage your virtual identity through data. Progressive Growth of Identity DID identity cards exhibit characteristics of parameter variations and growth, gradually evolving into a more exceptional virtual self based on your contributions to the community. Features of Web3 Domains Web3 domains serve as the cornerstone of DID, providing four key functions: aggregating address and user account information, aggregating user data, accessing DApps supported by the domain, and serving as social account aliases. When the data collected by DID is extensive enough, it can be used as an independent domain, for example, to access APIs. Personal Privacy Data Storage Blocks Users have full control over the credential data of DID, ensuring encrypted storage and transmission. Value of DID for Green Meta: DID empowers the creation of Green Meta metaverse digital personas: By joining Green Meta and creating an identity, you establish a unique identification through DID technology. DID is indispensable for transitioning from identity markers to myriad manifestations of your alternate self as an exclusive metaverse digital persona. Diverse Applications of DID in the Green Meta Metaverse: DID technology is utilized for digital identity authentication, digital wallets, digital asset transactions, and more within the Green Meta metaverse. DID serves as an entry point to the digital economic world of Green Meta metaverse, offering vast opportunities for services and scenarios. **2. NFT Assets NFT:** Non-Fungible Token, a trustworthy digital asset with unique characteristics in blockchain networks. It is capable of recording and processing multidimensional and complex attributes of data objects. In the Green Meta metaverse, NFTs are utilized for metaverse trees, virtual land, digital artworks, and digital assets. Characteristics of Green Meta NFTs: • Data Source Features: The Green Meta NFT collection, comprising DID, manages various growth data, establishing a distinct data source. • Growth Potential: NFTs possess inherent growth attributes. For instance, the more trees planted on a land, the higher its growth index. NFTs also exhibit growth based on community contributions. A flourishing community fosters faster NFT growth. Furthermore, industry empowerment contributes to NFT growth. Having head NFTs enhances the growth of your NFTs. • Economic Viability: As the data source expands and NFTs mature, they become increasingly scarce, leading to higher value and prices. Scarcer NFTs also attract more airdrops and industry empowerment opportunities, providing significant economic value to holders. • Digital Identity Authentication • Ownership of Digital Trees • Ownership of Virtual Land • Ownership of Other Virtual Assets **3. DAO Organization Organizational** Management of Green Meta: DAO DAO: Decentralized Autonomous Organization, a form of organization derived from the core concept of blockchain (a collaborative behavior spontaneously generated by a group reaching a consensus). It is a product of blockchain technology addressing trust issues among individuals. Characteristics of Green Meta DAO Organization: • Clear Common Goals: To become the benchmark for carbon-neutral metaverse digital economies. • Transparent Decision-Making Process: Opinions are expressed through voting. •Technical Support: Comprehensive technical support including smart contract development and execution, maintenance, and management of blockchain networks. • Community Governance Mechanisms: Governance mechanisms encompass elections, voting, rewards, ensuring DAO autonomy and stability. • Autonomy of Members: The common belief and values of all members are guided by Green Meta's goals. • Collaborative Development of Members: DAO members contribute their resources, capital, and skills to empower DAO development and collectively construct the Green Meta DAO Organization.
> **Phase 2: Green Meta Ecosystem - Business and Applications** Keywords of this phase: Social, Web3 Games, Education, Philanthropy Based on the development of Green Meta Metaverse and DAO Organization, a consensus group with strong brand influence and community foundation will be gathered. Green Meta Metaverse will launch digital-human interactive social scenes, engaging Web3 games, an environmental academy within the metaverse, and global carbon-neutral philanthropic initiatives. Green Meta aims to explore comprehensive business applications and develop a carbon-neutral metaverse economy, leveraging the potential of carbon-neutral initiatives to become a leader in the digital economy era. **4. Digital-Human Interactive Social Scenes** Social interaction is an inherent attribute deeply ingrained in human nature. In the era of Green Meta Metaverse, users from around the world can share time and space, break the constraints of physical distance, and engage in real-time social interactions. For example, we can gather in a metaverse bar for a drink, attend a virtual concert together, join parties, or travel together. When most social needs of humans are fulfilled through the metaverse, it will greatly reduce the need for physical travel, lower energy consumption in the real world, and contribute to carbon neutrality. **5. Engaging Web3 Games** Play games, save the planet. Green Meta Metaverse will continuously release a variety of engaging Web games, with the core focus on game scenarios designed around "green actions." For example, users can engage in activities such as managing virtual businesses, leasing virtual land, planting carbon trees, witnessing tree growth, earning carbon points, trading carbon credits, and contributing to carbon neutrality. Through gaming, serious topics such as carbon neutrality become lively and immersive, enabling users to learn about the importance of carbon neutrality and experience the refreshing beauty of a green world. **6. Education: Environmental Academy in the Metaverse** Education is the greatest catalyst for human progress and development, shaping our collective understanding and changing the direction of the world. Green Meta's Environmental Academy in the metaverse aims to contribute to green actions in this world by providing various engaging educational methods that cover concepts such as carbon neutrality, the metaverse, environmental conservation, and the global community's shared destiny. The academy will disseminate knowledge in areas like environmental sustainability, technological innovations, economic behaviors, and development patterns.
**7. Carbon-Neutral Philanthropic Initiatives** The low-carbon environmental conservation sector requires the involvement of influential forces to break barriers and achieve mainstream recognition. Leveraging its community advantages, technological strengths, and experience, Green Meta's New World in the metaverse will launch philanthropic initiatives focused on "carbon neutrality" on a global scale. > **Phase 3: Green Meta Digital Economy - Economy and Governance** **8. Enterprise Carbon Data Management Scene** The enterprise carbon data management scene in Green Meta Metaverse is designed to create a blockchain-based carbon data center for businesses. With the carbon neutrality goals set by countries worldwide, carbon emission data has become one of the core data for enterprise development. This scene aims to: • Provide carbon data assessment solutions and customized carbon data management plans to assist businesses in transforming into low-carbon enterprises. • Support on-chain recording of carbon data for businesses and provide carbon data analysis reports to help businesses optimize their operations continuously. • Utilize metaverse big data to rank businesses' low-carbon levels from various dimensions, enabling businesses to gain self-awareness, industry comparisons, and industry-wide perspectives on low-carbon practices. **9. Enterprise Carbon Data Credit Scene** The enterprise carbon data credit scene in Green Meta Metaverse is based on the generation of credible enterprise carbon credit reports within the carbon data management scene. These reports serve as trusted reports on the low-carbon capabilities of enterprises, reducing their carbon cost. **10. Digital Derivative DEX** The digital derivative DEX in Green Meta Metaverse is a decentralized exchange built on blockchain technology, including modules for carbon asset trading, NFT trading, carbon credit and carbon offset trading, and carbon financial derivatives. It provides the optimal platform for liquidity provision of low-carbon value. • Carbon Asset DEX: This module facilitates the trading and liquidity provision for Green Meta Metaverse's native tokens and tokens from various ecosystem applications. • NFT Trading: This module enables the trading and liquidity provision for NFTs such as carbon trees, virtual land, and virtual pets within Green Meta Metaverse. • Carbon Credit, Carbon Offset, and Carbon Financial Derivatives DEX: This module establishes a data interchange hub for enterprise carbon data recorded on the blockchain. Enterprises can achieve value interchange and flow in the DEX, bringing investment and financing channels and promoting the development of low-carbon enterprises. > **Phase 4: Green Meta New World - Carbon Neutrality Metaverse Digital Economy Benchmark** **11. Collaborating with Other Metaverse Societies** Based on the digital economy, Green Meta gradually forms a human society that integrates virtual and physical realms. This society extends its reach by collaborating with various metaverse societies developed through technology and DAO governance. It aims to achieve technological convergence, cultural fusion, and jointly create a new integrated era for metaverse societies.
**12. Empowering Global Environmental Carbon Neutrality Business** Green Meta's Metaverse New World, leveraging its community advantages, technological strengths, and experience, aims to empower organizations, regions, and countries worldwide in their efforts towards environmental carbon neutrality. Green Meta's Metaverse New World, leveraging its community advantages, technological strengths, and experience, collaborates with global organizations or regions committed to "environmental carbon neutrality." It provides customized metaverse carbon neutrality solutions based on the respective political systems, infrastructure, livelihood, funding, and resources of the organizations and regions. This cooperation plays a positive role in promoting carbon neutrality development, improving quality of life, and creating a sustainable living environment in relevant countries and regions. > **Green Meta: Embrace the Trend and Take the Lead** **Seizing the opportunity, going with the trend** The sustainable development of human civilization faces severe environmental challenges, with carbon neutrality goals and carbon tax reforms on the agenda of major world powers. Carbon neutrality is a survival objective, while the metaverse represents the technological trend. The convergence of these two forces creates a benchmark for carbon neutrality and the metaverse digital economy. **Elite Team, Aggregating Resources** Backed by internationally renowned initiators and supporting institutions, Green Meta has an experienced founding executive team and a consultant advisory team with a global perspective. It has attracted investments from numerous institutions and individuals with top international financial resources. The future is promising. **Public Chain Foundation, Technological Leadership** The underlying public chain, Pantanal, is derived from the Ethereum blockchain, inheriting both technological strength and innovative consensus mechanisms, gas fees, and more. It provides a solid foundation for realizing the Green Meta business ecosystem. **Clear Strategy, Strong Execution** Green Meta's development strategy spans four stages, from DID, NFT to socializing, gaming, education, public welfare, and further to carbon data management credit and carbon digital derivative DEX. The plan is clear and well-defined, and execution is solid and robust. **Innovative Design, Full of Fun** The convergence of carbon neutrality and metaverse energy has brought forth various interesting gameplay aspects of DID and NFT, allowing users to experience joy and wealth in carbon asset trading, ecological application gameplay, and digital derivative trading.
> **Green Meta：Magnificent Journey, Changing the World** Green Meta becomes the benchmark of digital economy in carbon neutrality and the metaverse. The metaverse and carbon neutrality are grand and are about to sweep across all levels and dimensions of the global economy, industries, and society. This epic leap and economic restructuring of human civilization will change many basic norms that were once taken for granted. Its magnitude, scope, and profound impact surpass all previous transformations. Green Meta invites you to participate, seize the opportunity, and change the world! # Disclaimer None of the content in this whitepaper constitutes legal, financial, commercial, or tax advice. Before engaging in any activities related to this, you should consult your own legal, financial, commercial, or other professional advisors. 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